Figure 11. The eistribution of Peri-Gondwanan Eoparafusulina with thin septa and Perigondwania - Neodutkevitchia stocks and Arctic Eoparafusulina tschernyshevi group with thick septa in Sakmarian, Early Permian. The map is slightly modified from Ziegler et al. 1998. Note the presence of a bridge between Pangaea and Kazakhstania plates south from Uralian sea that prevented connections between Boreal and Tethyan faunas starting from early Sakmarian. Occurrences:1, Posht-e-Badam block, Kalmard area, East-Central Iran; 2, Baoshan, Sibumasu, Tengchong Blocks, Indo-China (Cimmerian) Blocks; 3, Quangtang Block (including South Tibet, East Hindu Kush, Karakorum and south Afghanistan); 4, Central Pamir; 5, Central Oman; 6, North Timan; 7, Kolguev; 8, Barents Sea subsurface; 9, Spitsbergen; 10, Canadian Arctic.