REFERENCES

Bose, M.N. 1975. Araucaria haastii Ettingshausen from Shag Point, New Zealand. The Palaeobotanist, 22:76-80.

Burnham, R.J. 1994. Patterns in tropical leaf litter and implications for angiosperm paleobotany. Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology, 81:99-113.

Carlquist, S. 2001. Comparative Wood Anatomy, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, New York.

Carpenter, R.J., Hill, R.S., and Jordan, G.J. 1994. Cenozoic vegetation in Tasmania: macrofossil evidence, p. 276-298. In Hill, R.S. (ed.), History of the Australian Vegetation: Cretaceous to Recent. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.

Carter, R.M. 1988. Post-breakup stratigraphy of the Kaikoura Synthem (Cretaceous-Cenozoic), continental margin, south-eastern New Zealand. New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics, 31:405-429.

Collinson, M.E., Hooker, J.J., and Gröcke, D.R. 2003. Cobham Lignite Bed and penecontemporaneous macrofloras of southern England: A record of vegetation and fire across the Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum. Geological Society of America Special Paper, 369:333-349.

Collinson, M.E., Steart, D.C, Scott, A.C., Glasspool, I.J., and Hooker, J.J. 2007. Episodic fire, runoff and deposition at the Palaeocene–Eocene boundary. Journal of the Geological Society, 164:87-97.

Cookson, I.C. 1947. Plant microfossils from the lignites of the Kerguelen Archipelago. British and New Zealand Antarctic Research Expedition, 1929-1931, Reports, series A, 2: 129-142.

Cookson, I.C. and Pike, K.M. 1954. Some dicotyledonous pollen types from Cainozoic deposits in the Australian region. Australian Journal of Botany, 2:197-219.

Cooper, R.A. (ed.). 2004. The New Zealand Geological Timescale. Institute of Geological and Nuclear Sciences Monograph, 22:1-284.

Coulter, J.M. 1894. Myricaceae. p. 127 In AUTHOR: no editor? List of pteridophyta and spermatophyta growing without cultivation in northeastern North America. Memoirs of the Torrey Botanical Club, 5:1-377.

Couper, R.A. 1953. Upper Mesozoic and Cainozoic spores and pollen grains from New Zealand. New Zealand Geological Survey Palaeontological Bulletin, 22:1-77.

Couper, R.A. 1960. New Zealand Mesozoic and Cainozoic plant microfossils. New Zealand Geological Survey Paleontological Bulletin, 32:1-88.

Crosdale, P.J., Sorokin, A.P., Woolfe, K.J., and Macdonald, D.I.M. 2002. Inertinite-rich Tertiary coals from the Zeya–Bureya Basin, Far Eastern Russia. International Journal of Coal Geology, 51:215-235.

Crouch, E.M., and Visscher, H. 2003. Terrestrial vegetation record across the initial Eocene thermal maximum at the Tawanui marine section, New Zealand. Geological Society of America Special Papers, 369:351–363.

Dutta, S.K. and Sah, S.C.D. 1970. Palyno-stratigraphy of the Tertiary sedimentary formations of Assam: 5. Stratigraphy and palynology of South Shillong Plateau. Palaeontographica Abteilung, B 131:1-72

Edwards, A.R. 1982. International correlation. p. 28-32. In Hoskins, R.H. (ed.). Stages of the New Zealand marine Cenozoic: a synopsis. New Zealand Geological Survey Report, 107.

Frederiksen, N.O. 1985. Review of early Tertiary sporomorph paleoecology. American Association of Stratigraphic Palynologists Contributions Series, 15:1-92.

Frye, R.J. and Quinn, J.A. 1979. Forest development in relation to topography and soils on a floodplain of the Raritan River, New Jersey. Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club, 106:334-345.

Greenwood, D.R. 1992. Taphonomic constraints on foliar physiognomic interpretations of Late Cretaceous and Tertiary palaeoclimates. Reviews of Palynology and Palaeobotany, 71:149-190.

Greenwood, D.R., Wilf, P., Wing, S.L., and Christophel, D.C. 2004. Paleotemperature estimation using leaf-margin analysis: is Australia different? Palaios, 19:129-142.

Harris, W.K. 1965. Basal Tertiary microfloras from the Princeton area, Victoria, Australia. Palaeontographica Abteilung, B115:75-106.

Hickey, L.J. 1980. Paleocene stratigraphy and flora of the Clark's Fork Basin. Early Cenozoic paleontology and stratigraphy of the Bighorn Basin, Wyoming. University of Michigan, Papers on Paleontology, 24:33-49.

Hill, R.S. and Carpenter, R.J. 1991. Evolution of Acmopyle and Dacrycarpus Podocarpaceae. foliage as inferred from macrofossils in south-eastern Australia. Australian Systematic Botany, 4:449-79.

Hollis, C.J. 2006. Radiolarian faunal turnover through the Paleocene-Eocene transition, Mead Stream, New Zealand. Eclogae geol. Helv. 99, Supplement 1:79-99.

Hornibrook, N.de B. 1992. New Zealand Cenozoic marine paleoclimates: a review based on the distribution of some shallow water and terrestrial biota. p. 83-106. In Tsuchi, R. and Ingle Jr., J.C. (eds) Pacific Neogene. Environment, Evolution, and Events. New Zealand Cenozoic marine paleoclimates: a review based on the distribution of some shallow water and terrestrial biota. University of Tokyo Press, Tokyo.

Jenkins, D.G. and Jenkins, T.B. 1971. First diagnostic Carboniferous fossils from New Zealand. Nature, 233:117-118.

Johnson, L.A.S. and Wilson, K.L. 1989. Casuarinaceae: a synopsis, p. 167-188. In Crane P.R. and Blackmore. S. (eds.), Evolution, Systematics, and Fossil History of the Hamamelidae. Vol. 2. Clarendon Press, Oxford.

Jones, T.P. and Chaloner, W.G. 1991. Fossil charcoal, its recognition and palaeoatmospheric significance. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 97:39-50.

Kershaw, A.P. 1988. Australasia, p. 237-306. In Huntley B. and Webb III T. (eds). Vegetation History. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht.

Kurtz, A.C., Kump, L.R., Arthur, M.A., Zachos, J.C., and Paytan, A. 2003. Early Cenozoic decoupling of the global carbon and sulfur cycles. Paleoceanography, 18:14-13.

Laird, M.G. 1994. Geological aspects of the opening of the Tasman Sea, p. 1-17. In van der Lingen, G.J., Swanson, K., and Muir, R.J., (eds.), The evolution of the Tasman Sea Basin. Balkema, Rotterdam.

Laird, M.G. and Bradshaw, J.D. 2004. The Break-up of a Long-term Relationship: the Cretaceous Separation of New Zealand from Gondwana. Gondwana Research, 7:273-286.

Lindley, J. 1834. Botanical Register 20.

Martin, H.A. 1996. Wildfires in past ages. Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales, 116:3-18.

McGlone, M.S. 1988. New Zealand, p. 557-602. In Huntley, B. and Webb, III T. (eds.), Vegetation History. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht.

McGowran, B., Holdgate, G.R., Li, Q., and Gallacher, S.J. 2004. Cenozoic stratigraphic succession in southeastern Australian. Australian Journal of Earth Sciences, 51:459-496.

McIntyre, D.J. 1965. Some new pollen species from New Zealand Tertiary deposits. New Zealand Journal of Botany, 3:204-14.

McIntyre, D.J. 1968. Further new pollen species from New Zealand Tertiary and uppermost Cretaceous deposits. New Zealand Journal of Botany, 6:177-204.

McIver, E.E. 1999. Paleobotanical evidence for ecosystem disruption at the Cretaceous-Tertiary boundary from Wood Mountain, Saskatchewan, Canada. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, 36:775-789.

Meylan, B.A. and Butterfield, B.G. 1972. Three-dimensional structure of wood, Reed Education, Wellington.

Mildenhall, D.C. 1980. New Zealand Late Cretaceous and Cenozoic plant biogeography: a contribution. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 31:197-233.

Mildenhall, D.C. 1989. Summary of the age and paleoecology of the Miocene Manuherikia Group, Central Otago, New Zealand. Journal of the Royal Society of New Zealand, 19:19-29.

Morley, R.J. 2000. Origin and Evolution of Tropical Rain Forests. Wiley, Chichester, 378 pp.

Muller, J. and Leenhouts, P.W. 1976. A general survey of pollen types in Sapindaceae in relation to taxonomy, p. 407-446. In Ferguson, I.K. and Muller, J. (eds.) The evolutionary significance of the exine. A general survey of pollen types in Sapindaceae in relation to taxonomy. Kew, Academic Press.

Playford, G. and Dettmann, M.E. 1979. Pollen of Dacrydium franklinii Hook.f. and comparable early Tertiary microfossils. Pollen et Spores, 20:513-34.

Pocknall, D.T. 1990. Palynological evidence for the early to middle Eocene vegetation and climate history of New Zealand. Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology, 65:57-69.

Pole, M.S. 1992. Cretaceous macrofloras of eastern Otago, New Zealand: angiosperms. Australian Journal of Botany, 40:169-206.

Pole, M.S. 1994. An Eocene macroflora from the Taratu Formation at Livingstone, North Otago, New Zealand. Australian Journal of Botany, 42:341-367.

Pole, M.S. 1995. Late Cretaceous macrofloras of Eastern Otago, New Zealand: Gymnosperms. Australian Systematic Botany, 8:1067-1106.

Pole, M.S. 1997. Paleocene plant macrofossils from Kakahu, south Canterbury, New Zealand. Journal of the Royal Society of New Zealand, 27:371-400.

Pole, M.S. 1998a. Paleocene gymnosperms from Mount Somers, New Zealand. Journal of the Royal Society of New Zealand, 28:375-403.

Pole, M.S. 1998b. The Proteaceae Record in New Zealand. Australian Systematic Botany, 11:343-372.

Pole, M.S. 2003. New Zealand climate in the Neogene and implications for global atmospheric circulation. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 193:269-284.

Pole, M.S. 2007. Early Eocene Dispersed Cuticles and Mangrove to Rainforest Vegetation at Strahan-Regatta Point, Tasmania. Palaeontologia Electronica, 10, Issue 3; 15A: 66p.; http://palaeo-electronica.org/2007_3/126/index.html

Pole, M.S. 2008. Dispersed leaf cuticle from the Early Miocene of southern New Zealand. Palaeontologia Electronica, 11 (3) 15A: 1-117; http://palaeo-electronica.org/2008_3/153/index.html

Pole, M.S. and Douglas, B.J. 1998. A quantitative palynostratigraphy of the Miocene Manuherikia Group, New Zealand. Journal of the Royal Society of New Zealand, 28:405-420.

Pole, M.S. and Douglas, B.J. 1999. Plant macrofossils of the Upper Cretaceous Kaitangata Coalfield, New Zealand. Australian Systematic Botany, 12:331-364.

Pole, M.S. and Macphail, M.K. 1996. Eocene Nypa from Regatta Point, Tasmania. Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology, 92:55-67.

Pole, M. and Vajda, V. 2009. A new terrestrial Cretaceous-Paleogene site in New Zealand—turnover in macroflora confirmed by palynology. Cretaceous Research, 30:917-938.

Raine, J.I. 1984. Outline of a palynological zonation of Cretaceous to Paleogene terrestrial sediments in west coast region, south island, New Zealand. New Zealand Geological Survey Report, 109:1-82.

Raine, J.I. 1988. In D.T. Pocknall and R Tremain (eds.) 'Tour LB1, 7th International Palynological Conference, Brisbane, Australia, August 1988 New Zealand palynology and palaeobotany'. New Zealand Geological Survey Record, 33:90-92.

Raine, J.I. and Wilson, G.J. 1988. Palynology of the Mt Somers South Island, New Zealand, early Cenozoic sequence. New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics, 31:385-390.

Retallack, G.J. 1997. Palaeosols in the upper Narrabeen Group of New South Wales as evidence of Early Triassic palaeoenvironments without exact modern analogues. Australian Journal of Earth Sciences 44:185-201.

Retallack, G.J. 2001. Soils of the Past. Blackwell. Oxford, 404 pp.

Rozefelds, A.C., Christophel, D.C., and Alley, N.F. 1992. Tertiary occurrence of the fern Lygodium Schizaeaceae in Australia and New Zealand. Memoirs of the Queensland Museum, 32:203-222.

Schmitz, B., Pujalte, V., and Núñez-Betelu, K. 2001. Climate and sea-level perturbations during the Initial Eocene Thermal Maximum: Evidence from siliciclastic units in the Basque Basin Ermua, Zumaia and Trabakua Pass, northern Spain. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 165:299-320.

Scott, A.C. 1989. Observations on the nature and origin of fusain. International Journal of Coal Geology, 12:443-475.

Scott, A.C. 2000. The Pre-Quaternary history of fire. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 164:281-329.

Scott, A.C. and Jones, T.P. 1994. The nature and influence of fire in Carboniferous ecosystems. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Paleoecology, 106:1-112.

Singh, G., Kershaw, A.P., and Clark, R.L. 1981. Quaternary vegetation and fire history in Australia, p. 23-54. In Gill, A.M., Groves, R.H., and Noble, I.R. (eds.), Fire and the Australian Biota. Australian Academy of Science, Canberra.

Stover, L.E. and Evans, P.R. 1973. Upper Cretaceous - Eocene spore-pollen zonation, offshore Gippsland Basin, Australia. Geological Society of Australia, Special Publication, 4:55-72.

Stover, L.E. and Partridge, A.D. 1973. Tertiary and Late Cretaceous spores and pollen from the Gippsland Basin, southeastern Australia. Proceedings of the Royal Society of Victoria, 85:237-286.

Thomas, E., Brinkhuis, H., Huber, M., and Röhl, U. 2006. An ocean view of the early Cenozoic world. Oceanography, 19:94-103.

Trelease, W. 1889. Revision of North American Ilicineae and Celastraceae. Transactions of the Academy of Science, St Louis 5:343-357.

von Ettingshausen, C. 1887. Beitrage zur Kenntniss der Fossilen Flora Neuseelands. Denkschriften der Akademie der Wissenschaften, Wien, 53:143-194.

von Ettingshausen, C. 1891. Contributions to the knowledge of the fossil flora of New Zealand. Transactions of the New Zealand Institute, 23:237-310.

Webb, L.J. 1959. A physiognomic classification of Australian rainforests. Journal of Ecology, 47:551-70.

Wellman, H.W. 1953. The Geology of Geraldine Subdivision. New Zealand Geological Survey Bulletin, 50:1-72.

Wells, P.M. and Hill, R.S. 1989. Fossil imbricate-leaved Podocarpaceae from Tertiary sediments in Tasmania. Australian Systematic Botany, 2:387-423.

Wheeler, E.A. and Baas, P. 1998. Wood identification - a review. IAWA Journal, 19:241-264.

Wilf, P. 1997. When are leaves good thermometers? A new case for leaf margin analysis. Paleobiology, 23:373-390.

Wing, S.L. 1987. Eocene and Oligocene Floras and Vegetation of the Rocky Mountains. Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden, 74:748-784.

Wing, S.L. and Greenwood, D.R. 1993. Fossils and fossil climate: the case for equable continental interiors in the Eocene. In Allen, J.R.L., Hoskins, B.J., Sellwood, B.W., and Spicer, R.A. (eds.), Palaeoclimates and their modelling with special reference to the Mesozoic Era. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society, London B. Biological Sciences, 341:243-252.

Wing, S.L., Alroy, J., and Hickey, L.J. 1995. Plant and mammal diversity in the Paleocene to early Eocene of the Bighorn Basin. Palaeogeography Palaeoclimatology Palaeoecology, 115:117-156.

Wolfe, J.A. 1979. Temperature parameters of humid to mesic forests of eastern Asia and their relation to forests of other regions of the northern Hemisphere and Australasia. US Geological Survey Professional Paper, 1106:1-37.

Zachos, J.C., Lohmann, K.C., Walker, J.C.G., and Wise, S.W. 1993. Abrupt climate change and transient climates during the Paleogene: a marine perspective. The Journal of Geology, 101:191-213.

Next Section