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Manus and pes of Camarasaurus: Tables

TABLE 1. Measurements of the manual and pedal bones of SMA 0002 in mm. Asterisks indicate measurements taken from photos. Humerus, femur, and left tibia length obtained from Klein and Sander (2008). Abbreviations: hg, dorsoventral height; gh, greatest proximodistal height; gl, greatest anteroposterior length; gpd, greatest proximodistal distance, measured straight; gw, greatest transverse width; inc, incomplete; min, minimum; prox, proximal; wd, transverse width.

  gl gw gh prox wd prox hg dist wd dist hg min wd min hg gpd
Element right left right left right left right left right left right left right left right left right left right left
humerus 705                                      
radius 464 434                                    
femur   935                                    
tibia 604 615                 221                  
medial carpal 47 63 125 144   52                            
lateral carpal 38 42 68 86   49                            
astragalus 103 95 201 158                                
calcaneum 34 31 59 57   64                            
mc I 204 196         48 104   32 62 80 57 39   48        
mc II 266 236           43     72 71 45 39   35   31    
mc III 255 228           57     72 45 39 64   35        
mc IV 236 225           65     70 72 38 41   37        
mc V 208 193         67   25 28 66 72 47 45 39 41   29    
mt I 113           86       79 85     48          
mt II 134 140         84 72     *75 85 *38   51 56        
mt III 133 145         63 67     74 75     35 36        
mt IV *112 140         *92 76 *50   *69 63 *47   *38 34 *24      
mt V *108 107         *103 110 *37   *52 50 *34   *47 47 *29      
phm I-1 59 55         65   46 49 53   48 55 53   41      
phm I-2 117 125         49 30 56 65 0   0   0   0   121 136
phm II-1 51 51         57 78     69 83 40 31 54 56 27      
phm II-2 11 13         33 31 26 16                    
phm III-1 44 40         61 63   37 70 71 23 32 56 58   27    
phm IV-1 43 45         64 70     66 75 31 24 57 61   18    
phm V-1 47 39         59 63 27 39 49 48 24 25 46 48   22    
php I-1 *40 45         *69 62 *59   *73 50 *54 45 *45   *37      
php I-2 140 144         42 54 93   12   24           168  
php II-1 *50 56         *71 72 *46 46 69 60 *49 35 58 57 *34 27    
php II-2 *22 29         *59 55 *49   *51 44 *42   52   *37      
php II-3 130 120         26 24 64 63 14   27           133  
php III-1 *52 54         *63 65 *37 38 *53 63 *35   *45 55 *20      
php III-2 *31 31         *49 55 *51     47 *39              
php III-3 *13 17         *38 36 *33                      
php III-4 99 100               31 inc                 100  
php IV-1 *35 48         *66 58 *44   *60 61 *31   *41 46 *23      
php IV-2   17 inc                                    

TABLE 2. Ratios of metacarpal length to humerus and radius length in Camarasaurus. Data obtained from McIntosh et al. (1996a: GMNH-PV 101; 1996b: BYU 9047) and McIntosh (2005: AMNH 823 and 965). SMA 0002 has distinctively higher ratios than other Camarasaurus specimens.

  Humerus Radius
  SMA 0002 GMNH-PV 101 SMA 0002 AMNH 823 AMNH 965 BYU 9047
  right left right left right right right
Mc I 0.29 0.25 0.44 0.45 0.39 0.43 0.38
Mc II 0.38 0.29 0.57 0.55 0.44 0.48 0.42
Mc III 0.36   0.55 0.53 0.44 0.48 0.44
Mc IV 0.33   0.51 0.52 0.41 0.45 0.4
Mc V 0.3   0.45 0.44 0.37 0.41 0.37

TABLE 3. Length ratios between metacarpals of one single manus. Data are obtained from Gilmore (1925: CM 11338), McIntosh et al. (1996b: BYU 9047), and Ostrom and McIntosh (1966: YPM 4633). Note that mc II is not always the longest, and mc I not always the shortest of the series.

  SMA 0002 CM 11338 BYU 9047 YPM 4633
  right left right right left
I to II 0.77 0.83 0.76 0.9 0.85
I to III 0.8 0.86 0.79 0.87 0.82
I to IV 0.86 0.87 0.89 0.97 0.83
I to V 0.98 1.02 0.98 1.04 0.96
II to III 1.04 1.04 1.04 0.96 0.96
II to IV 1.13 1.05 1.17 1.07 0.98
II to V 1.28 1.23 1.28 1.15 1.13
III to IV 1.08 1.01 1.13 1.12 1.02
III to V 1.23 1.18 1.24 1.2 1.18
IV to V 1.13 1.17 1.1 1.08 1.16

TABLE 4. Ratios between metacarpals and metatarsals in Neosauropods. All measurements in mm. Data of the other individuals obtained from Gilmore (1925: CM 11338; 1936: CM 3018), McIntosh et al. (1996a: GMNH-PV 101), and Borsuk-Bialynicka (1977: ZPAL MgD-I/48). Metacarpals of SMA 0002 are more elongated compared to metatarsals than the metacarpals of Apatosaurus or other Camarasaurus specimens.

    manus pes ratios
    right left mean right left mean  
Camarasaurus
SMA 0002 I 204 196 200 113   113 0.57
II 266 236 251.15 134 140 137 0.55
III 255 228 241.65 133 145 139 0.58
IV 236 225 230.55 112 140 126 0.55
V 208 193 200.35 108 107 107.5 0.54
CM 11338 I 107 104 105.5 70 70 70 0.66
II 140   140   90 90 0.64
III 135 134 134.5   88 88 0.65
IV 120 122 121   80 80 0.66
V 109 107 108   60 60 0.56
GMNH-PV 101 I   280 280 172   172 0.61
II   324 324 193   193 0.60
III       223   223  
IV       204 208 206  
V       166   166  
Apatosaurus louisae
CM 3018 I   265 265   195 195 0.74
II   285 285   213 213 0.75
III   293 293   236 236 0.81
IV   245 245   236 236 0.96
V   235 235        
Opisthocoelicaudia skarzynskii
ZPAL MgD-I/48 I 295 290 292.5 150   150 0.51
II 280 290 285 180   180 0.63
III   275 275 200   200 0.73
IV   235 235 180   180 0.77
V   245 245 140   140 0.57