FIGURE 1. Location of Biśnik Cave in southern Poland.

FIGURE 2. Left ulna in cranial view and left tarsometatarsus in dorsal view. Falco tinnunculus atavus (1, 3) and modern female of Falco tinnunculus (2, 4). The fossil specimen is much larger and more robust than a large modern female.

FIGURE 3. Percentage share of bird taxa (numbers of taxa) breeding in five groups of habitats, excavated in particular layers in Biśnik Cave (based on data from Table 2). The correlation between particular fauna complexes and their geological age is explained in Table 1.