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Volume 27.1
January–April 2024
Full table of contents
ISSN: 1094-8074, web version;
1935-3952, print version
Recent Research Articles
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See all articles in 26.3 September-December 2023
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Kornelia Skibińska. Institute of Systematics and Evolution of Animals, Polish Academy of Sciences, Sławkowska str. 17, 31-016 Kraków, Poland. yukisiak@gmail.com
Kornelia Skibińska was born on January 8, 1988 in Częstochowa, Poland. She received her Master Degree from Pedagogical University, Krakow in 2010. Currently she is a PhD student in the Institute of Systematic and Evolution of Animals Polish Academy of Sciences, Krakow. She works on Tanyderidae Diptera, mainly on fossil material.
Key to Subfamilies
1. Gonopods of male genitalia with gonocoxites and gonostyli remarkably elongate, more than six times longer than wider; gonocoxites and gonostyli with a longitudinal row of prominent, spiniform setae on their mesial surface (Figure 3.1, Figure 9.2, Figure 10.2, Figure 11.2, Figure 12.2, Figure 14.2, Figure 16.2); wings in fossil species small (up to 4 mm length) (Figure 4, Figure 5, Figure 6, Figure 7, Figure 8, Figure 10.2, Figure 12.2, Figure 14.2) | NANNOTANYDERINAE subfam. nov. |
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− Gonopods of male genitalia with gonocoxite shorter, usually about three of four times as long as wide, and broad at base gonocoxites and gonostyli without prominent spiniform setae; wing usually medium or large size (7-20 mm); (Figure 3.2) | TANYDERINAE Osten-Sacken, 1879 |
Key to Genera
1. Vein Sc longer than half wing length (Figure 16.1); rostrum elongated (Figure 15), longer than the combined length of head and thorax. | Peringueyomyina Alexander, 1921 |
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- Vein Sc reaching half wing length or shorter; head without developed rostrum | 2 | |
2. Vein R2 short, several times shorter than length of vein R2+3; vein Sc ending opposite or very close to fork of vein Rs into R2 and R3; at rest, gonopods about 3/4 abdomen length; (Figure 4, Figure 5, Figure 6, Figure 7, Figure 8, Figure 10) | Nannotanyderus Ansorge, 1994 |
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- Vein R2 evidently longer than R2+3; vein Sc ending before fork of R 2+3 into R2 and R3; gonopods shorter than 3/4 abdomen length | 3 | |
3. Vein Sc ending almost opposite one third length of R 2+3; vein R2 about twice as long as Rs; aedegal complex conspicuous; (Figure 13, Figure 14) | Coramus gen. nov. |
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- Vein Sc ending opposite two third length of Rs; vein R2 about one fifth length of Rs; complex inconspicuous (Figure 12) | Dacochile Poinar and Brown, 2004 |
FIGURE 1. Extant representative of Tanyderidae: Araucoderus gloriosus Alexander, 1920 in natural habitat. Photograph: R. Isai Madriz.
FIGURE 2. Localities of fossil outcrops (other than “Se”) and extant (“Se”) members of Nannotanyderinae subfam. nov. Abbreviations: B, Baltic region (this study); Do, Dorset of UK ( Nannotanyderus oliviae); Db, Dobbertin of Germany ( N. krzeminskii); G, Grimmen of Germany (N. krzeminskii and N. grimmensis); K, Karatau of Kazakhstan (N. kubekovensis); L, Lebanon ( N. ansorgei); M, Myanmar (Dacochile microsoma); S, Shar-Teg of Mongolia ( N. incertus); and Se, South Ethiopian Region (Peringueyomyina barnardi). Modified from Soszyńska-Maj and Krzemiński (2013, figure 1).
FIGURE 3. Comparison of external structure of male genitalia (1 and 2; in dorsal views) and wing venation (3 and 4; in dorsal views) in subfamilies. 1, Nannotanyderus ansorgei (JG. 385/2B), Nannotanyderinae. 2, Mischoderus annuliferus Hutton, 1900 (ISEZ PAN collection), Tanyderinae. 3, a new genus of Nannotanyderinae described below (holotype, MP/3376). 4, Mischoderus annuliferus (ISEZ PAN collection), Tanyderinae. Scale equals 0.5 mm.
FIGURE 4. Drawing of Nannotanyderus oliviae wing venation (I-F/MP/1/1600/12) in dorsal view. Scale equals 0.5 mm.
FIGURE 5. Drawing of Nannotanyderus krzeminskii wing venation (LGA 1145) in dorsal view. Scale equals 0.5 mm.
FIGURE 6. Drawing of Nannotanyderus grimmenensis wing venation (LGA 2222) in dorsal view. Scale equals 0.5 mm.
FIGURE 7. Drawing of Nannotanyderus incertus wing venation (No. 4270/2075) in dorsal view. Scale equals 0.5 mm.
FIGURE 8. Drawing of Nannotanyderus kubekovensis wing venation (No. 2066/2182) in dorsal view. Scale equals 0.5 mm.
FIGURE 9. Photographs of Nannotanyderus ansorgei (JG. 385/2B). 1, whole specimen. 2, male genitalia in ventral view. Scale equals 0.5 mm.
FIGURE 10. Drawings ofNannotanyderus ansorgei (JG. 385/2B). 1, wing venation. 2, male genitalia in dorsal view. Scale equals 0.5 mm.
FIGURE 11. Photographs of Dacochile microsoma (Bu 1262). 1, whole specimen. 2, male genitalia in lateral view. Scale equals 1 mm.
FIGURE 12. Drawings of Dacochile microsoma. (Bu 1262). 1, wing venation. 2, male genitalia in lateral view. Scale equals 0.5 mm.
FIGURE 13. Photographs of Coramus gedanensis gen. et sp. nov. 1, whole specimen (paratype, MP/3377). 2, wing venation (holotype, MP/3376). 3, close-up of head (holotype, MP/3376). 4, close-up of legs (holotype, MP/3376) in lateral view. Scale equals 0.5 mm.
FIGURE 14. Drawings of Coramus gedanensis gen. et sp. nov. (MP/3376). 1, wing venation. 2, male genitalia in dorsal view. Scale equals 0.5 mm.
FIGURE 15. Photograph of Peringueyomyina barnardi (ISEZ PAN collection) whole specimen with elongated rostrum in lateral view. Scale equals 1mm.
FIGURE 16. Drawings of Peringueyomyina barnardi (ISEZ PAN collection). 1, wing venation in dorsal view. 2-4, male genitalia, external built in dorsal view ( 2), aedagal complex in dorsal (3) ventral-lateral (4) views. Scale equals 1 mm.
TABLE 1. Extant genera of Tanyderidae.
Genus | Region of distribution |
Araucoderus Alexander, 1929 | Neotropical (south Chile) |
Eutanyderus Alexander, 1928 | Australasian (Australia) |
Mischoderus Handlirsch, 1909 | Australasian (New Zealand) |
Neoderus Alexander, 1928 | Neotropical (south Chile) |
Nothoderus Alexander, 1928 | Australasian (Australia) |
Peringueyomyina Alexander, 1921 | Afrotropical (South Africa) |
Protanyderus Handlirsch, 1909 | Palaearctic and Oriental |
Protoplasa Osten-Sacken, 1859 | Nearctic |
Radinoderus Handlirsch, 1909 | Australasian |
Tanyderus Philippi, 1865 | Neotropical (central and south Chile) |
TABLE 2. Fossil species of Tanyderidae.
Species | Age | Locality |
Dacochile microsoma Poinar and Brown, 2004 | Lower Cretaceous | Myanmar amber |
Macrochile hornei Krzemiński, Krzemińska, Kania and Ross, 2013 | Upper Eocene | Baltic amber |
Macrochile spectrum Loew, 1850 | Upper Eocene | Baltic amber |
Nannotanyderus ansorgei Krzemiński, Azar and Skibińska, 2013 | Lower Cretaceous | Lebanese amber |
Nannotanyderus grimmensis Ansorge and Krzemiński, 2002 | Lower Jurassic | Western Pomerania, Germany |
Nannotanyderus incertus Lukashevich, 2011 | Upper Jurassic | Shar-Teg, Mongolia |
Nannotanyderus krzeminskii Ansorge, 1994 | Lower Jurassic | Gerimmen and Dobbertin, Germany |
Nannotanyderus kubekovensis Skibińska and Krzemiński, 2013 | Upper Jurassic | Karatau, Russia |
Nannotanyderus oliviae Skibińska, Krzemiński and Coram, 2014 | Lower Jurassic | Dorset, England |
Podemacrochile baltica Podenas, 1997 | Upper Eocene | Baltic amber |
Praemacrochile ansorgei Lukashevich and Krzemiński, 2009 | Middle or Upper Jurassic | Karatau, Kazakhstan; Shar-Teg, Mongolia |
Praemacrochile chinensis Krzemiński and Ren, 2001 | Middle Jurassic | Daohuguo, China |
Praemacrochile decipiens Bode, 1953 | Lower Jurassic | Hondelage, schandelan and Dobbertin, Germany |
Praemacrochile dobbertinensis Ansorge and Krzemiński, 2002 | Lower Jurassic | Dobbertin, Germany |
Praemacrochile dryasis Dong, Shih, Skibińska, Krzemiński and Ren, 2015 | Middle Jurassic | Daohuguo, China |
Praemacrochile kaluginae Lukashevich and Krzemiński, 2009 | Middle or Upper Jurassic | Karatau, Kazakhstan |
Praemacrochile ovalum Dong, Shih, Skibińska, Krzemiński and Ren, 2015 | Middle Jurassic | Daohuguo, China |
Praemacrochile stackelbergi Kalugina and Kovalev, 1985 | Lower or Middle Jurassic | Siberia, Russia |
Protanyderus astictum Dong, Shih, Skibińska, Krzemiński and Ren, 2015 | Middle Jurassic | Daohuguo, China |
Protanyderus invalidus Lukashevich and Krzemiński, 2009 | Middle Jurassic | Siberia and Kubekovo, Russia |
Protanyderus mesozoicus Kalugina, 1988 | Upper Jurassic or Lower Cretaceous | Khutel Khara, Mongolia |
Protanyderus nebulosus Lukashevich and Krzemiński, 2009 | Upper Jurassic | Shar-Teg, Mongolia |
Protanyderus savtchenkoi Lukashevich and Krzemiński, 2009 | Middle or Upper Jurassic | Karatau, Kazakhstan |
Protanyderus senilis Kalugina, 1992 | Upper Jurassic | Shar-Teg, Mongolia |
Protanyderus vetus Kalugina, 1992 | Upper Jurassic | Shar-Teg, Mongolia |
Protanyderus vulcanium Zhang, 2004 | Middle Jurassic | Daohuguo, China |
Similinannotanyderus lii Dong, Shih and Ren, 2015 | Lower Cretaceous | Myanmar amber |
Nannotanyderinae: A new subfamily of Tanyderidae (Diptera)
Plain Language Abstract
After analyses of fossil and extant representatives of family Tanyderidae, they have been divided into two separate evolutionary lines — Tanyderinae Osten-Sacken, 1879 and Nannotanyderinae subfam. nov. A new genus and species is described based on material from the Eocene Baltic amber.
Resumen en Español
Nannotanyderinae: una nueva subfamilia de Tanyderidae (Diptera)
Se examinaron los caracteres de la venación de ala y los genitales masculinos para los representantes fósiles y existentes de la familia Tanyderidae. A partir de la evidencia morfológica, se plantea la hipótesis de que existen dos linajes evolutivos separados a nivel de subfamilia, a saber, Tanyderinae Osten-Sacken, 1879 y Nannotanyderinae subfam. nov. Se establecen las diferencias entre ellos. Se describe e ilustra un nuevo género y especie del ámbar eoceno del Báltico.
Palabras clave: sistemática, taxonomía, ámbar báltico, fósiles de Diptera, nueva subfamilia, nueva especie.
Traducción: Enrique Peñalver (Sociedad Española de Paleontología)
Résumé en Français
Nannotanyderinae : une nouvelle sous-famille de Tanyderidae (Diptera)
Les caractères décrivant la nervation des ailes et les organes génitaux des mâles ont été examinés chez des représentants fossiles et actuels de la famille Tanyderidae. D'après la morphologie, nous émettons l'hypothèse selon laquelle deux lignées évolutives séparées existent au niveau sous-familial : Tanyderinae Osten-Sacken, 1879 et Nannotanyderinae subfam. nov. Les différences entre ces deux sous-familles sont présentées. Une nouvelle espèce (appartenant à un nouveau genre) de l'ambre éocène de la Baltique est décrite et illustrée.
Mots-clés : systématique ; taxinomie ; ambre de la Baltique ; Diptera fossiles ; nouvelle sous-famille ; nouveau genre ; nouvelle espèce
Translator: Antoine Souron
Deutsche Zusammenfassung
Nannotanyderinae: eine neue Unterfamilie der Tanyderidae (Diptera)
Es werden die Flügel-Nervatur und Merkmale der männlichen Geschlechtsorgane bei fossilen und heutigen Vertretern der Familie Tanyderidae untersucht. Aufgrund morphologischer Nachweise wird angenommen, dass zwei separate Evolutionslinien auf Subfamilienlevel existieren, nämlich Tanyderinae Osten-Sacken, 1879 und Nannotanyderinae subfam. nov. Es werden die Unterschiede zwischen den beiden Subfamilien angegeben. Eine neue Gattung und Art aus dem eozänen Baltischen Bernstein wird beschrieben und illustriert.
Schlüsselwörter: Systematik, Taxonomie, Baltischer Bernstein, fossile Diptera, neue Subfamilie, neue Art
Translator: Eva Gebauer
Arabic
Translator: Ashraf M.T. Elewa
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Review: The Princeton Field Guide to Mesozoic Sea Reptiles
The Princeton Field Guide to Mesozoic Sea Reptiles
Article number: 26.1.1R
April 2023