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TABLE 1. All taxa/morphotypes reported from the Bovay and Bolden localities in northern Mississippi, and the Warman locality in western Tennessee, USA (Wang et al., 2013). The table also lists each taxon/morphotype’s organ type, proposed modern affinity, and its figure numbers in this paper and in Wang et al. (2013). “+” indicates a taxon/morphotype is present at a locality.

Proposed modern affinity Taxa/morphotypes Figure numbers in this paper Figure numbers in Wang et al. (2013) Organ type Warman Bovay Bolden
Lauraceae Lauroflorum warmanensis Wang, Blanchard, and Dilcher, 2013   figure 3 flower +    
Annonaceae Anonaspermum robertsi (Berry) Wang, Blanchard, and Dilcher, 2013 Figure 4 figure 4.1-3, 4.5-8 seed +   +
Anonaspermum warmanensis Wang, Blanchard, and Dilcher, 2013   figure 4.4 seed +    
Magnoliaceae cf. Magnolia sp.   figure 5 seed +    
Araceae cf. Acorites heeri Crepet, 1978   figure 6 inflorescence +    
Altingiaceae Claiborne Altingiaceae Infructescence Type 1   figure 7 infructescence +    
Hamamelidaceae Corylopsis grotei Wang, Blanchard, and Dilcher, 2013   figure 8 seed +    
Hamamelis sp.   figure 9 seed +    
Euphorbiaceae Hippomaneoidea warmanensis Crepet and Daghlian, 1982   figure 20 inflorescence +    
Malpighiaceae Eoglandulosa warmanensis Taylor and Crepet, 1987   figure 21 flower +    
Salicaceae cf. Populus sp. Figure 13   fruit     +
Fabaceae Caesalpinia claibornensis Herendeen and Dilcher, 1991   figure 13.4-5 fruit +    
Crudia grahamiana Herendeen and Dilcher, 1990a   figure 13.6 fruit +    
Diplotropis claibornensis Herendeen and Dilcher, 1990b   figure 14.1 fruit +    
Eliasofructus claibornensis Herendeen and Dilcher, 1990c   figure 14.2 fruit +    
Eomimosoidea plumosa Crepet and Dilcher, 1977   figures 10-11 inflorescence +    
Ormosia sp.   figure 14.5-6 fruit +    
Protomimosoidea buchananensis Crepet and Taylor, 1986 Figures 5-7 figure 12 flower + +  
Swartzia sp.   figure 13.1 fruit +    
cf. Acrocarpus sp. Figure 8   fruit   +  
cf. Erythrophleum sp.   figure 13.2 fruit +    
cf. Gleditsia? mississippiensis (Berry) Berry, 1930 Figure 9 figure 14.3 fruit +   +
cf. Leguminosites phyllocarpoides Berry, 1930   figure 13.3 fruit +    
Claiborne Fabaceae Floral Type 1 Figure 11   flower   +  
Claiborne Fabaceae Floral Type 2 Figure 12   flower   + +
"Short, broad winged fruit" Figure 10   fruit   + +
"Thick walled fruit"   figure 14.4 fruit +    
Fagaceae Quercus oligocenensis Daghlian and Crepet, 1983   figure 15 staminate inflorescences +    
cf. Trigonobalanoidea americana Crepet and Nixon, 1989 Figure 14   infructescence   +  
Claiborne Fagaceae Fruit Type 1   figure 16.1-2 fruits +    
Claiborne Fagaceae Fruit Type 2   figure 16.3 fruit +    
Claiborne Fagaceae Fruit Type 3 Figure 15.1-3 figure 17.4 fruit +    
Claiborne Fagaceae Fruit Type 4 Figure 16   fruit   +  
Claiborne Fagaceae Fruit Type 5 Figure 15.5 figure 17.1-3 fruit +    
Juglandaceae Eokachyra aeolius Crepet, Dilcher and Potter, 1975   figure 18 inflorescence +    
Paleooreomunnea stoneana Dilcher, Potter and Crepet, 1976   figure 19 fruit +    
Moraceae Cornerocarpon copiosum Grote, 1989   figures 22, 23 fruit +    
Rhamnaceae “Solanites” pusillus Berry, 1930 Figures 17-18 figure 35 flower + + +
Sapindaceae Bridgesia bovayensis Manchester and O’Leary, 2010 Figure 19   fruit   +  
Theaceae Andrewsiocarpon henryense Grote and Dilcher, 1989   figure 27 fruit +    
Gordonia warmanensis Grote and Dilcher, 1989 Figure 20 figure 24 fruit + +  
cf. Gordonia sp. 1   figure 25 flower +    
cf. Gordonia sp. 2   figure 26 flower +    
Icacinaceae cf. Natsiatum wilcoxiana (Berry) Stull, Moore and Manchester, 2011 Figure 21   endocarp   +  
Eucommiaceae Eucommia eocenica (Berry) Brown, 1940 Figure 22   fruit   + +
Bignoniaceae Grotea warmanensis Wang, Blanchard and Dilcher, 2013   figure 28.1 fruit +    
Oleaceae Fraxinus wilcoxiana (Berry) Call and Dilcher, 1992   figure 29 fruit +    
Caprifoliaceae Dipelta bovayensis sp. nov. Figure 23   fruit   +  
Araliaceae “Aralia” semina Berry, 1930   figure 30 seed +    
Paleopanax boldensis sp. nov. Figure 24   fruit   +  
Angiosperm incertae sedis - flowers Antholithes wilcoxensis Berry, 1930   figure 34 flower +    
“Solanites” sarachaformis Berry, 1930 Figure 26   flower   +  
cf. “Solanites” saportanus (Berry) Martínez-Millán, 2010 Figure 25   flower   +  
Claiborne Floral Type 1   figure 36.1-2 flower +    
Claiborne Floral Type 2   figure 36.3-4 flower +    
Claiborne Floral Type 3   figure 37 flower +    
Claiborne Floral Type 4   figure 38 flower +    
Claiborne Floral Type 5 Figure 27 figure 39 flower +   +
Claiborne Floral Type 6   figure 40 flower +    
Claiborne Floral Type 7 Figure 28   flower   +  
Claiborne Floral Type 8 Figure 29   flower   +  
Claiborne Floral Type 9 Figure 30   flower   +  
Claiborne Floral Type 10 Figure 31   flower   +  
Claiborne Floral Type 11 Figure 32   flower   +  
Claiborne Floral Type 12 Figure 33   flower     +
Claiborne Floral Type 13 Figure 34   flower   +  
Claiborne Floral Type 14 Figure 35   flower     +
Claiborne Floral Type 15 Figure 36   flower   +  
Claiborne Floral Type 16 Figure 37   flower   +  
Claiborne Floral Type 17 Figure 38   flower     +
Claiborne Floral Type 18 Figure 39   flower   +  
Claiborne Floral Type 19 Figure 40   petal?   +  
Claiborne Floral Type 20 Figure 41   stamens   +  
Angiosperm incertae sedis - infructescences " Sparganium " sp. Figure 42 figure 49 infructescence + +  
Claiborne Infructescence Type 1   figure 31 infructescence +    
Claiborne Infructescence Type 2   figure 32 infructescence +    
Claiborne Infructescence Type 3   figure 33 infructescence +    
Claiborne Infructescence Type 4 Figure 43   infructescence   +  
Claiborne Infructescence Type 5 Figure 44   infructescence   +  
Claiborne Infructescence Type 6 Figure 45   infructescence   +  
Claiborne Infructescence Type 7 Figure 46   infructescence     +
Angiosperm incertae sedis - fruits and seeds Carpolithus boldensis sp. nov. Figure 47   seed     +
Carpolithus collinsi (Berry) Wang, Blanchard, and Dilcher, 2013   figure 41 fruit +    
Carpolithus complanata (Lesquereux) Wang, Blanchard, and Dilcher, 2013   figure 42 seed +    
Carpolithus prangosoides Berry, 1916b   figure 43 fruit +    
Carpolithus sophorites Berry, 1916b   figure 44 seed +    
Carpolithus warmanensis Wang, Blanchard, and Dilcher, 2013   figure 45 fruit +    
Palmocarpon wilcoxiana (Berry) Wang, Blanchard, Dilcher, 2013 Figure 55 figure 47, 48 fruit + +  
“Acer” knowltoni (Berry) Brown, 1940 Figure 49   fruit   + +
“Copaifera” yeguana Berry, 1915   figure 46 fruit +    
cf. Saportaspermum sp. Figure 48   seed   +  
Claiborne Fruit/Seed Type 1   figure 50 fruit/seed +    
Claiborne Fruit/Seed Type 2   figure 51 fruit/seed +    
Claiborne Fruit/Seed Type 3   figure 52 fruit/seed +    
Claiborne Fruit/Seed Type 4   figure 53 fruit/seed +    
Claiborne Fruit/Seed Type 5   figure 54 fruit/seed +    
Claiborne Fruit/Seed Type 6 Figure 50   fruit/seed   +  
Claiborne Fruit/Seed Type 7 Figure 51   fruit/seed   +  
Claiborne Fruit/Seed Type 8 Figure 52   fruit/seed   +  
Claiborne Fruit/Seed Type 9 Figure 53   fruit/seed   +  
Claiborne Fruit/Seed Type 10 Figure 54   fruit/seed   +  
Plant incertae sedis Equisetum?   figure 55 unknown +    
Undetermined Claiborne Undetermined Structure 1 Figure 56   unknown   +  
Claiborne Undetermined Structure 2 Figure 57   unknown   +  
Claiborne Undetermined Structure 3 Figure 58   unknown   +  
Claiborne Undetermined Structure 4 Figure 59   unknown   +  
Number of taxa/morphotypes from each locality         62 43 14
Number of taxa/morphotypes from all three localities         106    

 

TABLE 2. Comparison of major characters of Protomimosoidea buchananensis, Claiborne Fabaceae Floral Types 1 and 2, Claiborne Floral Types 17 and 18. All dimensions are in millimeters. “?” indicates that a measurement is not available or a character is not observed.

  Ovary size (length x width) Number of stamens Filament length Anther size
(length x width)		 Anther connective Perianth
(length x width)		 Pedicel
(length x width)
Protomimosoidea buchananensis 2 x 1 10 5 0.75-1 x 0.5 strong 2 x 1 up to 6 x 0.3
Claiborne Fabaceae Floral Type 1 expanded ? 9 1.5 x? ? ? ?
Claiborne Fabaceae Floral Type 2 2 x 2.5 > 10 1 0.5 x 0.5 strong 1 x 1 5-5.5 x 1
Claiborne Floral Type 17 2 x 2.5 > 10 4-5 ? ? 4 x 2 3.5 x 1
Claiborne Floral Type 18 2 x 2 4-6 2, fused 0.5-1 x 0.5 very strong ? 1 x 0.5


TABLE 3. Major characters of Claiborne Fagaceae Fruit Types 1 to 5 and Catahoulea grahamii. All dimensions are in millimeters. “?” indicates that a measurement is not available or a character is not observed.

  Fruit size (length x width) Number of nutlets Nutlet size (length x width) Spines Cupule valve Web-like pattern of cupule Peduncle (length x width) Specimen number and references
Claiborne Fagaceae Fruit Type 1 15 x 35 ? ? simple or branched ? ? 10 x 1 UF15826-51476 (figure 16.1-2 in Wang et al., 2013) and six other specimens from Warman clay pit, Tennessee
Claiborne Fagaceae Fruit Type 2 20 x 20 ? ? simple ? no ? UF15826-51231 (figure 16.3 in Wang et al., 2013)
Claiborne Fagaceae Fruit Type 3 10 x 10 at least 2 2 x 1 simple or branched 3 yes 0.5-1 x? UF15815-005347 (Figure 15.1-2); UF15826-029215 (figure 2.F in DeVore et al., 2014); UF15826-51307 (Figure 15.3; figure 17.4 in Wang et al., 2013; figure 2.C DeVore et al., 2014).
Claiborne Fagaceae Fruit Type 4 12 x 6.5 at least 2 7 x 5 branched ? spines intertwined 2 x 0.5 UF15737-59211 (Figure 16)
Claiborne Fagaceae Fruit Type 5 25 in diameter ? ? branched 3 yes 10 x 1 UF15826-29216 (Figure 15.5; figure 17.1-3 in Wang et al., 2013)
Catahoulea grahamii 5.5-10 x 13 3 one large, 3 x 2; two small 3 x 1 simple or branched 3 yes 9.5 x 0.3 UF 15841-062191 (Figure 15.4) and other 23 specimens from Huntsville, Texas (DeVore et al., 2014)


TABLE 4. Comparison of characters of Claiborne Floral Type 5, Claiborne Floral Types 8 to 11, " Diospyros " mirafloriana, Eoglandulosa warmanensis, “Solanites” pusillus, “Solanites” saportanus, and “Solanites” sarachaformis. All dimensions are in millimeters. “?” indicates that a measurement is not available or a character is not observed.

 

Taxa/morphotypes Flower -merous Size in diameter when vertically compressed Number of sepals Sepal base Sepal shape Sepal size (length x width) Sepal venation Number of petals Petal shape Petal size (length x width)
Claiborne Floral Type 5 5-merous 22 ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?
Claiborne Floral Type 8 ?4-merous 8 ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?
Claiborne Floral Type 9 5-merous 6 ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?
Claiborne Floral Type 10 6-merous 15 ? ? ? ? ? 6 ovate 5 x 2-2.5
Claiborne Floral Type 11 ?4-merous 11 ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?
"Diospyros" mirafloriana 5-merous 35-40 5 separate ? 12.5 x 9.5 ? ? ? ?
Eoglandulosa warmanensis (Wang et al. 2013) 5-merous 10 ?5 connate oblong to triangular 4 x 2 ? ? ? ?
“Solanites”  pusillus 5-merous 8-10 5 separate isosceles-triangular   2.5-3 x 2.5-3 mid-vein present 5 ? 3 x 1-2
“Solanites” saportanus 6-merous 9 6 separate triangular 3 x 2 mid-vein present ? ? ?
“Solanites” sarachaformis 4-merous 10 4 separate ovate 4.5 x 3.5 5 veins ? ? ?

 TABLE 4 (continued).

Taxa/morphotypes Petal venation Arrangement Number of periath parts when sepals and petals can not be distinguished Perianth part shape Perianth part size (length x width) Perianth part venation Hypanthium Hypanthium rim Floral cup diameter Ovary Pedicel (length x width)
Claiborne Floral Type 5 ? ? 5 ovate 7 x 5 faint veins present ? ? superior ?
Claiborne Floral Type 8 ? alternate, 2 whorls 8 triangular 1.5 -2.5 x 1.5-2 5 veins present present 3 superior ? x 0.5
Claiborne Floral Type 9 ? ? 5 triangular 2 x 1 not observed present present ? 2-3 ? x 0.2
Claiborne Floral Type 10 thin ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? inferior ?
Claiborne Floral Type 11 ? ? ? ovate 5 x 3 fine veins ? ? ?  ? long; 10 x 0.5
"Diospyros" mirafloriana ? ? ? ? ? ? present present 12.5 ? ?
Eoglandulosa warmanensis (Wang et al. 2013) ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?
“Solanites”  pusillus ? alternate, two whorls ? ? ? ? present present 3.5 – 4.5  inferior 1 x 0.5
“Solanites” saportanus ? ? ? ? ? ? present absent 4 ? ? x 0.5
“Solanites” sarachaformis ? ? ? ? ? ? present absent ? ? ?


TABLE 5. Total numbers of specimens, leaves, and reproductive material from the Bovay and Bolden clay pit, Mississippi, and the Warman clay pit, Tennessee.

  Bovay Bolden Bovay and Bolden Warman
Total number of specimens 505 187 692 3166
Leaves 359 140 499 2560
Reproductive material Total number of reproductive material 146 47 193 606
Identified 89 18 107 338
Unidentified 57 29 86 268