Figure 3. A. Tabular and branching lignitic root impression from a Type A paleosol (Protosol). Long axis of hand lens is 5 cm across. B. Laterally extending lignitic root in a medium to coarse angular blocky silty claystone horizon from a Type C paleosol (Gleysol). Hammer is 40 cm long. C. Organic rich O horizon (black layer) overlying a massive to coarse angular blocky silty claystone in a Type B paleosol (Histosol). The thin white layer (8 cm thick) is interpreted to be an altered ashfall layer that briefly halted in situ accumulation of plant material. D. Transition zone between a Type C paleosol (Gleysol) with a thin lignite layer at upper surface (left) changing to Type D paleosol (Vertisol, right). The dark line denotes mukkara subsurface structure, which forms from periodic shrink-swell of expansible clay minerals during wet-dry cycles. The lignite layer pinches out toward the right side of the diagram. However, approximately 70 meters to left of this photograph, the lignite layer becomes ~50 cm thick and defines the upper surface of a Type B paleosol (Histosol). Jacob staff in upper center of photograph is 150 cm long. See text for discussion. E. Medium wedge-shape aggregate structure from a Type D paleosol (Vertisol). See text for discussion. F. Medium angular blocky silty claystone with thick, continuous argillans (shiny, reflective surfaces) along ped surfaces within an argillic Bt horizon from a Type E paleosol (Argillisol). See text for discussion.