Figure 2. Map of eastern Asia showing loci of inferred tectonic developments that began within a few million years of 8 Ma, with types of observations color-coded. Yellow dots show three locations where Garzione et al. (2000b), Rowley et al. (2001), and Spicer et al. (2003) reported elevations similar to those today at 11, ~10, and 15 Ma, respectively. Dark blue dots show places where northerly trending normal faults have been dated: Shuang Hu graben (Blisniuk et al. 2001), Thakkhola graben (Coleman and Hodges 1995; Garzione et al. 2000a, 2003), Nyainqentanghla graben (Harrison et al. 1995; Pan and Kidd 1992), and two other normal faults assigned dates of 8 ± 1 and 9 ± 1 Ma (Harrison et al. 1995); and the light blue dot shows where north-south trending dikes were dated as old as 18 Ma (Williams et al. 2001). Red dots show places where folding, thrust faulting, and crustal shortening seem to have begun in late Cenozoic time: Equatorial Indian Ocean (Cochran 1990; Curray and Munasinghe 1989; Krishna et al. 1998), Tien Shan (Abdrakhmatov et al., 2001; Bullen et al. 2001, 2003), Qilian Shan (Métivier et al. 1998), Gobi-Altay (Kurushin et al. 1997), Liupan Shan (Zheng et al. 2005), and the Min Shan and Longmen Shan (Kirby et al. 2002). The magenta dot shows the location of the Linxia Basin, where Fang et al. (2003) inferred that progradation of a foreland fold-and-thrust belt and flexure ceased in late Miocene time, and the locus of deformation moved far from this area. Orange dots show regions where late Cenozoic incision is inferred to result from a Late Miocene rise of the gentle surface of the southeastern Tibetan Plateau (Clark 2003; Clark et al. 2005).