Appendix. Samples used in analyses. Unnamed units are identified by their geographic location.

 
Species
Horizon
Formation (for fossil)
Locality (for Holocene)
# Valves
Caryocorbula
C. oropendula sp. A Upper Pliocene (Piacenzian) Quebrada Chocolate 101
Rio Banano 23
C. oropendula sp. B Upper Pliocene (Piacenzian) Rio Banano 11
C. barrattiana Holocene Jamaica 16
Grenada 6
Venezuela 17
C. caimitica Upper Miocene (Tortonian - Messinian) Cercado 52
C. caribaea Holocene Dominican Republic 11
Grenada 10
Cuba 2
Jamaica 24
Florida 12
Venezuela 2
Upper Pliocene (Piacenzian-Gelasian) unnamed unit (Isla Colon) 5
Upper Pliocene (Piacenzian) Cayo Agua 4
C. cercadica Upper Miocene (Tortonian-Messinian) unnamed (Rio Mao) 61
C. cf. dolicha Upper Pliocene - Lower Pleistocene (Gelasian- Calabraian) Moin 11
Upper Pliocene (Piacenzian-Gelasian) unnamed unit (Valiente Peninsula) 16
unnamed unit (Islan Colon) 2
Upper Pliocene (Piacenzian) Cayo Agua 93
unnamed unit (Isla Solarte) 17
Shark Hole Point (Bruno Bluff Mem.) 35
Lower Pliocene (Zanchlean) Punta Gavilán 8
Upper Miocene (Tortonian-Messinian) Caujarao 15
C. democraciana Upper Miocene (Tortonian-Messinian) Caujarao 3
C. fortis Lower-Middle Miocene (Burdigalian-Langhian) Cantaure 56
Lower Miocene (Burdigalian) La Candelaria beds 12
C. lavalleana Holocene Cuba 9
Venezuela 8
Lower Pliocene (Zanchlean) unnamed unit (Rio Yaque del Norte) 33
Mao 17
Upper Miocene-Lower Pliocene (Messinian- Zanchlean) Gurabo 53
Upper Miocene (Tortonian-Messinian) unnamed unit (Rio Mao) 8
C. orosi Upper Pliocene-Lower Pleistocene (Gelasian-Calabraian) Moin 22
C. prenasuta Upper Miocene (Tortonian-Messinian) Caujarao 7
Upper Miocene (Tortonian) middle-upper Gatun 9
Middle-Upper Miocene (Serravalian-Tortonian) lower Gatun 27
C. sericea Upper Pliocene-Lower Pleistocene (Gelasian-Calabraian) Moin 42
Upper Pliocene (Piacenzian-Gelasian) Escudo de Veraguas 41
Upper Pliocene (Piacenzian) Bowden 19
Caryocorbula sp. A Lower-Middle Miocene (Burdigalian-Langhian) Cantaure 18
Caryocorbula sp. B Middle-Upper Miocene (Serravalian-Tortonian) Buenevara Adentro 7
Caryocorbula sp. C Upper Pliocene (Piacenzian) Shark Hole Point (Bruno Bluff Mem.) 5
Caryocorbula sp. D Holocene Venezuela 16
?Upper Pliocene-Lower Pleistocene (?Gelasian- Calabraian) Cumaná 1
Caryocorbula sp. E ?Upper Pliocene-Lower Pleistocene (?Gelasian- Calabraian) Cumaná 3
Upper Pliocene-Lower Pleistocene (Gelasian- Calabraian) Mare 10
Upper Pliocene (Piacenzian-Gelasian) Escudo de Veraguas 18
Caryocorbula sp. F Holocene Venezuela 25
?Upper Pliocene-Lower Pleistocene (?Gelasian- Calabraian) Cumaná 5
Upper Pliocene-Lower Pleistocene (Gelasian- Calabraian) Mare 1
C. stena Lower Pliocene (Zanchlean) Punta Gavilán 7
Upper Miocene (Tortonian) middle-upper Gatun 50
Middle-Upper Miocene (Serravalian-Tortonian) lower Gatun 32
C. urumoencensis Lower-Middle Miocene (Burdigalian-Langhian) Cantaure 27
Bothrocorbula Upper Pliocene (Piacenzian) Rio Banano 1
Bowden 2
Upper Miocene-Lower Pliocene (Messinian-Zanchlean) Gurabo 11
Upper Miocene (Tortonian-Messinian) Cercado 44
unnamed unit (Rio Mao) 17
Lower-Middle Miocene (Burdigalian-Langhian) Baitoa 5
Hexacorbula ?Upper Miocene-?Lower Pliocene (?Messianian-?Zanchlean) Tubara 1
Middle-Upper Miocene (Serravalian-Tortonian) Buenevara 18
Gatun 29
Lower-Middle Miocene (Burdigalian-Langhian) Cantaure 5