Table 5. Foraminifer content of sponge fragments, modern and Jurassic, compared with that of some modern deep-sea environments characterized by slow non-clastic sedimentation (precipitates) and absence of clastic sedimentation.
Modern BC sponge fragment dwellers, loose forms excluded (this paper)
|
Jurassic sponge dwellers
(German authors + Gaillard 1983) |
Bathysiphon tubes
(Gooday and Haynes 1983) oxides |
Deep-sea volcanic vents (Jonasson and Schröder-Adams 1996)
sulphides |
||
| Typically encrusting: Crithionina sp. Hemisphaerammina Placopsilina spongiphila Psammatodendron arborescens Telammina fragilis ?Tolypammina cf. Tritaxis fusca Indeterminate attached trochamminid Indeterminate agglutinated subspherical tests Lobatula lobatula Lobatula mckannai Ramulina siphonifera Aff. Oolina caudigera Parasitic: Trapped and impaled: |
Silicified (typically encrusting, including
Einschnürungen): Thurammina papillata Tolypammina sp. “Thomasinella” pauperata Tritaxis lobata Placopsilina spp. Subbdelloidina haeusleri Encrusting, non-silicified: Not typically encrusting, silicified: |
?Psammosphaera sp. Crithionina mamilla ?Crithionina Small hemispherical and dome-shaped tests Thurammina spp. Tumidotubus albus Telammina fragilis Tolypammina aff. schaudinni Placopsilina bradyi ?Bullopora Glomospira gordialis Ammodiscus sp. Saccodendron ?Psammosphaera ?Haplophragmium sp. Trochammina sp. Calcareous microforaminifers (2 forms) Juvenile miliolids |
Encrusting species:
Ammodiscellites prolixus Hemisphaerammina celata Hemisphaerammina depressa Placopsilina bradyi Placopsilina sp. Tholosina bulla Adherent species: |
Typically attached: Tolypammina vagans Tumidotubus albus Crithionina? sp. Placopsilina bradyi Placopsilina sp. Ropostrum amuletum Attached but elsewhere free-living: |
Indeterminate mats Indeterminate tunnels Indeterminate crusts Indeterminate chambers Indeterminate tubes Chamber, sphere with stercomes Allogromiina Tumidotubus Telammina Reophax Marsipella Rhizammina Saccorhiza Protobotellina Ammodiscus Tolypammina Rhabdammina Ammolagena Dendrionina saccamminid, soft dome Saccammina Hemisphaerammina Pseudowebbinella Crithionina Tholosina Placopsilina Ammotrochoides Hormosina Trochammina Normanina Cibicides Pyrgo Bulimina Quinqueloculina Patellina |