Table 1. Selected parameters of the neoceratopsid step cycle as determined from the model. Orientations of the long axes of the propodium and epipodials of the model (see below) with respect to the horizontal (frontal) and parasagittal planes are in degrees. The forelimb positions in the left hand column correspond to those in the text and in Figure 7 and Figure 8. See the text for further explanation. A1, angle of humeral depression relative to the horizontal, lateral view; A2, angle of humeral eversion relative to the parasagittal, anterior view; A3, angle of humeral eversion relative to the parasagittal, dorsal view; B1, ulnar orientation, angle of long axis to the horizontal, lateral view; B2, ulnar orientation, angle of the long axis to the horizontal, anterior view; C1, radial orientation, angel of the long axis to the horizontal, lateral view; C2, radial orientation, angle of long axis to the horizontal, anterior view; E.E., angle formed by long axes of ulna and humerus; F.M.glen., forward progression of the glenoid since the previous forelimb position (in mm).

Forelimb
Position		 A1 A2 A3 B1 B2 C1 C2  E.E. F.M.
glen 
1 43 32 29 43 3

50

 17 89 0
2 37 38 27 50 2 55 8 92 54
3 25 59 32 82 8 90 18 105 120
4 24 55 25 96 8 98 14 114 83
5 23 57 27 97 0 104 9 114 ----
6 10 68 23 79 9 89 5 94 ----
7 20 61 24 75 3 80 9 91 ----
8 33 51 25 55 2 65 16 87 ----

Chasmosaurus irvinensis, CMN 41357. Long axes of propodium and epipodials used to quantify their orientations relative to the horizontal and parasagittal planes (see above). 1, lateral view; 2, anterior view. a, parallel to the dorsal surface of the humerus, passing through the centre of the trochlear notch and along the outside (anterior) edge of the glenoid condyle; b, parallel to the extensor surface of the radius and bisecting the proximal and distal expansions; c, from the proximal edge of the proximal articular surface, through the center of the semilunar notch, and bisecting the distal expansion.