TABLE 7.  Characters and Character States (from Croft et al. 2004).

 

1.*

Rostrum: elongated and low (0); long and tall (1); short, rodent like (2)

 

2

Lengthening of premaxillae: absent (0); poorly defined (1); very pronounced (2)

 

3.*

Anterior rostral notch (premaxillae): very smoothly concave (0); forming obtuse angle (1); forming acute angle (2); tall, wide, "U" shaped (3)

 

4

Diastemata (upper and lower): absent or little developed (0); posterolaterally divergent (1); parallel or gently convergent (2); very convergent, convex (3)

 

5.*

Postorbital process: short (0); long and transverse (1); long, directed posteriorly (2)

 

6

Suborbital fossa: absent (0); poorly defined (1); well developed (2)

 

7.*

Root of zygomatic arch: posteriorly directed from the level of M1 or M2 (0); perpendicular to M1 (1); perpendicular to M1 with biconcave edge (2)

 

8

Zygomatic plate: absent or hardly developed (0); little developed (1); very developed (2)

 

9.*

Postpalatal notch: narrow, deep, and removed from M3 (0); wide and removed from M3 (1); deep to the level of M3 (2)

 

10

Occipital notch: absent (0); present (1)

 

11

Paraoccipital process: short (0), long (1)

 

12

Dentition: mesodont (0); protohypsodont (1); euhypsodont (2)

 

13

Upper molar imbrication (imbrication = width from M2 parastyle to M1 hypocone / width of M1 posterior face): <1.25 (0); between 1.25 and 1.50 (1); > 1.50 (2)

 

14

I1: with continuous enamel (0); with labial enamel only (1)

 

15

I1: obliquely implanted and not procumbent (0); obliquely implanted and procumbent (1); more transverse implantation and procumbent (2)

 

16.*

I1: oval (0); subtriangular, pointed distally, with mesial sulcus (1); wide, rounded, with lingual sulcus (2); wide and compressed labiolingually with two lingual sulci (3); subtriangular, pointed distally, with two lingual sulci (4)

 

17

I2-I3-C-P1/i3-c-p1: developed (0); reduced, at times absent in the adult (1); always absent (2)

 

18

P2: developed (0), reduced (1); absent (2)

 

19.*

P4: subtriangular, short, with central fossette (0); subtriangular, short, without central fossette (1); bilobed, with short and poorly defined lingual plication (2); bilobed, with well developed and patent lingual plication (3)

 

20

M1-M2: subtriangular with fossette (0); with anterior and posterior lobes convergent, enclosing a middle lobe that disappears with wear (1); with persistent middle lobe (2)

 

21.*

M3: subtriangular, with fossette (0); trilobed with little differentiated middle lobe (1); with short middle lobe, surrounded by the other two lobes (2); with the middle lobe less enclosed but still shorter than the others (3)

 

22

Ratio of i1/i2: < 1.50 (0); between 1.50 and 2.00 (1); between 2.00 and 3.00 (2), > 3.00 (3)

 

23.*

Section of i1: subcylindrical (0); rounded with little or no lingual sulcus (1); subtriangular with smooth sulcus (2); trapezoidal with well demarcated lingual sulcus (3); elliptical with smooth sulcus (4)

 

24

p3: present (0); absent (1)

 

25

Lower molars: with fossettes (0); without fossettes (1)

 

26.*

P3: subquadrangular (0); subtriangular (1); absent (2)

 

27

Premolar ectolophs: with two labial sulci (0); with one labial sulcus (1)

 

28

P4 proportions (length/width): < 1.50 (0); ? 1.50 (1)

 

29

M1 proportions (length/width): ? 1.30 (0); between 1.30 and 1.75 (1); ? 1.75 (2)

 

30

Anterior and posterior sides of M1 middle lobe: lingually convergent (0); subparallel (1); lingually divergent (2)

 

31

Lingual exposure of M1 middle lobe: little or none (0); extensive (1)

 

32.*

m2 proportions (length/width): between 1.60 and 2.30 (0); >2.30 (1); <1.60 (2)

 

33

Two pronounced lingual sulci on m3 talonid: absent (0); present (1)