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Volume 27.1
January–April 2024
Full table of contents
ISSN: 1094-8074, web version;
1935-3952, print version
Recent Research Articles
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APPENDIX 1.
Planktonic foraminifera count.
Formation | Age | Samples (Metres) | Globigerina sp. | Globigerina vnezuelana | Orbulina universa | Planktic indet sp. | Globorotalia mayeri | Praeorbulina glomerosa | Praeorbulina sicana | Orbulina suturalis | Globigerinoides immaturus | Globigerinoides sacculifer | Globigerinoides trilobus | Globigerinoides quadrilobatus | Catapsydrax dissimilis | Globigerinoides sp. |
Agbada Formation | 2441 | |||||||||||||||
2460 | ||||||||||||||||
2478 | ||||||||||||||||
2496 | ||||||||||||||||
2515 | ||||||||||||||||
2533 | ||||||||||||||||
2551 | ||||||||||||||||
2569 | ||||||||||||||||
2588 | ||||||||||||||||
Middle Miocene | 2606 | |||||||||||||||
2624 | 1 | |||||||||||||||
2643 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||||||||||||
2661 | 1 | |||||||||||||||
2679 | 1 | |||||||||||||||
2697 | 1 | |||||||||||||||
2716 | ||||||||||||||||
2734 | ||||||||||||||||
2752 | 1 | 1 | ||||||||||||||
2771 | ||||||||||||||||
2789 | ||||||||||||||||
2807 | ||||||||||||||||
2825 | ||||||||||||||||
2844 | ||||||||||||||||
2862 | ||||||||||||||||
2880 | 1 | 1 | ||||||||||||||
2899 | ||||||||||||||||
2917 | ||||||||||||||||
2935 | ||||||||||||||||
2954 | ||||||||||||||||
2972 | ||||||||||||||||
Agbada Formation | 2990 | |||||||||||||||
3008 | ||||||||||||||||
3027 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||||||||||||
Early - Middle Miocene | 3045 | |||||||||||||||
3063 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||||||||||||
3082 | ||||||||||||||||
3100 | ||||||||||||||||
3118 | 1 | |||||||||||||||
3136 | ||||||||||||||||
3155 | ||||||||||||||||
3173 | ||||||||||||||||
3191 | ||||||||||||||||
3210 | ||||||||||||||||
3228 | ||||||||||||||||
3246 | ||||||||||||||||
3264 | ||||||||||||||||
3283 | ||||||||||||||||
3301 | ||||||||||||||||
3319 | ||||||||||||||||
3338 | ||||||||||||||||
3356 | ||||||||||||||||
3374 | 1 | 1 | ||||||||||||||
3392 | ||||||||||||||||
3411 | 1 | |||||||||||||||
Early Miocene | 3429 | |||||||||||||||
3447 | ||||||||||||||||
3466 | ||||||||||||||||
3484 | ||||||||||||||||
3502 | 1 | |||||||||||||||
3520 | ||||||||||||||||
3539 | ||||||||||||||||
3557 | ||||||||||||||||
3575 | ||||||||||||||||
Agbada Formation | 3594 | |||||||||||||||
3612 | 1 | 1 | ||||||||||||||
3630 | ||||||||||||||||
3648 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
APPENDIX 2.
Benthonic foraminifera count.
Formation | Age | Samples (Metres) | Ammonia beccarii | Hanzawaia stratonii | Lenticulina grandis | Uvigerina isidroensis | Brizelina interjuncta | Heterolepa floridana | Quinqueloculina sp. | Uvigerina sp. | Valvulineria gasparensis | Eponides eshira | Hopkinsina bononiensis | Lenticulina inornata | Quinqueloculina lamarckiana | Myogypsinoides sp. |
Agbada Formation | 2441 | |||||||||||||||
2460 | ||||||||||||||||
2478 | ||||||||||||||||
2496 | ||||||||||||||||
2515 | ||||||||||||||||
2533 | ||||||||||||||||
2551 | ||||||||||||||||
2569 | ||||||||||||||||
2588 | ||||||||||||||||
Middle Miocene | 2606 | |||||||||||||||
2624 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | ||||||||||||
2643 | 2 | 5 | 8 | 1 | 6 | 2 | 1 | 1 | ||||||||
2661 | 2 | 6 | 6 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||||||
2679 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 7 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 1 | ||||||||
2697 | 1 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 1 | |||||||||||
2716 | 1 | |||||||||||||||
2734 | 2 | 1 | 1 | |||||||||||||
2752 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||||||||||||
2771 | 1 | |||||||||||||||
2789 | ||||||||||||||||
2807 | ||||||||||||||||
2825 | ||||||||||||||||
2844 | ||||||||||||||||
2862 | ||||||||||||||||
2880 | ||||||||||||||||
2899 | ||||||||||||||||
2917 | ||||||||||||||||
2935 | ||||||||||||||||
2954 | ||||||||||||||||
2972 | ||||||||||||||||
2990 | 1 | |||||||||||||||
3008 | 1 | 1 | ||||||||||||||
3027 | 1 | |||||||||||||||
Early - Middle Miocne | 3045 | |||||||||||||||
3063 | 1 | 7 | 4 | 4 | 2 | 6 | ||||||||||
Agbada Formation | 3082 | |||||||||||||||
3100 | ||||||||||||||||
3118 | ||||||||||||||||
3136 | ||||||||||||||||
3155 | ||||||||||||||||
3173 | ||||||||||||||||
3191 | ||||||||||||||||
3210 | ||||||||||||||||
3228 | ||||||||||||||||
3246 | ||||||||||||||||
3264 | ||||||||||||||||
3283 | ||||||||||||||||
3301 | 1 | |||||||||||||||
3319 | 1 | |||||||||||||||
3338 | 1 | 9 | 19 | 4 | 1 | 4 | ||||||||||
3356 | 1 | |||||||||||||||
3374 | 1 | 1 | 2 | |||||||||||||
3392 | ||||||||||||||||
3411 | 6 | |||||||||||||||
Early Miocene | 3429 | 1 | 5 | 2 | ||||||||||||
3447 | ||||||||||||||||
3466 | ||||||||||||||||
3484 | ||||||||||||||||
3502 | ||||||||||||||||
3520 | ||||||||||||||||
3539 | 1 | |||||||||||||||
3557 | 1 | 1 | 6 | 2 | 1 | 7 | ||||||||||
3575 | ||||||||||||||||
3594 | ||||||||||||||||
3612 | ||||||||||||||||
3630 | 5 | 2 | 2 | |||||||||||||
3648 | 2 | 6 | 4 | 31 | 4 | 1 | 3 | 13 | 1 | 1 |
Emmanuel C. Nwaejije. Department of Geology, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria. emmanuelcelestine01.ec@gmail.com
Emmanuel Celestine Nwaejije(BSc Geology, MSc Paleontology/Stratigraphy) was born 12th March, 1987 in Zaria Nigeria. He is a post graduate student at the Department of Geology, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria Nigeria. He is a paleontologist/stratigrapher with keen interest in Niger Delta.
Enam O. Obiosio. Department of Geology, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria. eoobiosio@abu.edu.ng
Dr. Enam Obiosio(BSc Geology, MSc, Phd Micropaleontology/Biostratigraphy) was born 10th October, 1963 in Lagos Nigeria. He is currently a lecturer with the Department of Geology, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria Nigeria. He is a micropaleontologist/biostratigrapher whose experience in the Niger Delta span over a decade.
Ibrahim Hamidu. Department of Geology, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria. hibrahim@abu.edu.ng
Dr. Ibrahim Hamidu(BSc Geology, MSc Stratigraphy/Paleontology, PhD Stratigraphy) was born 18th December, 1972. He is currently a Lecturer with the Department of Geology, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria Nigeria, where he specializes in Stratigraphic studies and researches.
FIGURE 1. Location of studied well (modified after Odemerho; Urhobo Historical Society, 2008).
FIGURE 2. Lithostratigraphic section of Well 5 OML 34.
FIGURE 3. Ranges of Planktonic foraminifera showing Biozones for the studied Well 5.
FIGURE 4. Sequence stratigraphy chart showing paleobathymetry of deposition of studied well.
FIGURE 5. Triangular plot of shell-type ratio, showing portion of intersection as normal marine shelf sea environment (modified after Murray, 1973).
FIGURE 6. Photomicrographic plate of some foraminfera specie from the studied well. 1, Bolivina dilatata, (Reuss) X 100; 2-3, Ammonia beccarii (Linne), (2)Dorsal view X 200, (3) Ventral view X 200; 4, Uvigerina sp. (Cushman) X 150; 5, Hopkinsina bononiensis, (Fornasini) X 150; 6-8, Epistominella vitrea (Parker), (6) Dorsal viewX 200, (7) Edge view X 200, (8) Ventral view X 200; 9, Orbulina universa, (d’Orbigny) X 250; 10, Brizalina interjuncta, (Graham, De Klasz and Rerat) X 150; 11, Heterolepa floridana, (Cushman) X 200; 12, Orbulina suturalis, (Bronnimann) X 250; 13, Praeorbulina glomerosa, (Blow) X 200; 14, Praeorbulina sicana, (Cushman and Stainforth) X 200; 15, Uvigerina isidroensis, (Cushman and Renz) X 150; 16-17, Cibicorbis inflata, (d’Orbigny), (16) Dorsal view X 200, (17) Ventral view X 200; 18, Hanzawaia strattonii, (Applin) X 200; 19-20, Valvulineria gasperensis, (Bermudez) (19) Dorsal view X 200, (20) Ventral view X 200; 21, Lenticulina grandis, (Cushman) X 200; 22, Textularia laminata, (Cushman) X 100; 23, Brizalina mandoroviensis, (Graham) X 100; 24-25, Globorotalia mayeri, (Cushman and Ellisor) (24) Dorsal view X 200, (25) Ventral view X 200.
TABLE 1. Planktonic foraminifera total count.
Arenaceous Assemblage (FOBA) | Total Count |
Ammobaculites sp. | 1 |
Spiroplectammina sp. | 2 |
Haplophragmoides sp. | 3 |
Textularia laminata | 1 |
Textularia panamensis | 1 |
Spiroplectammina wrightii | 1 |
Total | 9 |
TABLE 2. Benthonic calcareous foraminifera total count.
Calcareous Assemblage (FOBC) | Total Count |
Ammonia beccarii | 14 |
Hanzawaia stratonii | 21 |
Lenticulina grandis | 36 |
Uvigerina isidroensis | 97 |
Brizelina interjuncta | 8 |
Heterolepa floridana | 18 |
Quinqueloculina sp. | 6 |
Uvigerina sp. | 13 |
Valvulineria gasparensis | 10 |
Eponides eshira | 8 |
Hopkinsina bononiensis | 33 |
Lenticulina inornata | 3 |
Quinqueloculina lamarckiana | 1 |
Myogypsinoides sp. | 5 |
Quinqueloculina microcostata | 2 |
Uvigerina sparsicostata | 8 |
Bolivina sp. | 2 |
Bulimina sp. | 2 |
Hanzawaia concentrica | 1 |
Heterolepa pseudoungeriana | 5 |
Bolivina dilatata | 1 |
Epistominella vitrea | 2 |
Uvigerina topilensis | 3 |
Cibicorbis inflata | 14 |
Eponides ornatus | 2 |
Gavelinella aff. beninensis | 1 |
Quinqueloculina seminulum | 1 |
Bolivina spinata | 1 |
Brizalina mandoroveensis | 59 |
Epistominella potoni | 7 |
Florilus atlanticus | 2 |
Total | 386 |
TABLE 3. Benthonic arenaceous foraminifera total count.
Foraminifera Assemblage | Total count |
Globigerina sp. | 5 |
Globigerina venezuelana | 2 |
Orbulina universa | 2 |
Planktic indet sp. | 3 |
Globorotalia continuosa | 3 |
Praeorbulina glomerosa | 3 |
Praeorbulina sicana | 2 |
Orbulina saturalis | 4 |
Globigerinoides immaturus | 2 |
Globigerinoides sacculifer | 1 |
Globigerinoides trilobus | 2 |
Globigerinoides quadrilobatus | 1 |
Catapsydrax dissimilis | 1 |
Globigerinoides sp | 1 |
Total | 32 |
Foraminifera biostratigraphy and paleoenvironment of Well 5, OML 34, Niger Delta, Nigeria
Plain Language Abstract
The lithostratigraphic section of the well revealed seven distinct lithologic units. Benthonic (72%) and Planktonic (28%) foraminifera were recovered from the studied well.Three zones have been proposed in this study as follows: Catapsydrax dissimilis partial range zone, Praeorbulina glomerosa interval zone, and Orbulina universa taxon-range zone. Based on the presence of these index forms, the age of the studied well is dated Early Miocene to Middle Miocene. The paleobathymetric range of the study well is from shallow to inner shelf, the paleosalinity suggests a normal marine neritic environment.
Resumen en Español
Bioestratigrafía y paleoambiente de foraminíferos del Pozo 5, OML 34, Delta del Níger, Nigeria
Se ha estudiado una cantidad total de 67 muestras de corte de zanjas recolectadas del Pozo-5, OML 34 en el Delta del Níger a intervalos de profundidad entre 2441 m a 3650 m. La descripción litológica de las muestras indica siete unidades litoestratigráficas compuestas de lutitas, limolitas y areniscas correspondientes a la Formación Agbada, de naturaleza parálica. Se realizó un análisis de los foraminíferos y se identificó un total de 51 especies; 37 bentónicas y 14 planctónicas. Respecto al índice planctónico del pozo, Praeorbulina glomerosa, Praeorbulina sicana, Orbulina saturalis, y Catapsydrax dissimilis, se determinó que la edad es Mioceno. Se proponen tres zonas de foraminíferos planctónicos correspondientes a las zonas de Blow, 1969 (N6 - N7, N8 - N9 y N9) y Berggren et al., 1995 (M4, M4 - M5 y M5) para el pozo. Las zonas planctónicas son Zona de rango parcial Catapsydrax dissimilis, Zona de intervalo Praeorbulina glomerosa, y Zona de rango de Taxón Orbulina universa, respectivamente. Los sedimentos del pozo se consideran originados en un ambiente deposicional marino normal basado en la proporción del tipo de caparazón y el diagrama ternario del tipo de foraminífero (arenoso, poroso e hialino). La paleobatimetría del pozo varía de ambiente no marino a nerítico medio de acuerdo con la distribución de foraminíferos.
Palabras clave: bioestratigrafía; litoestratigrafía; paleoambiente; foraminíferos; Delta del Níger
Traducción: Enrique Peñalver (Sociedad Española de Paleontología)
Résumé en Français
Biostratigraphie et paléoenvironnements d’après les foraminifères du Puits 5, OML 34, delta du Niger, Nigéria
Un total de 67 échantillons de déblais de forage ont été collectés dans le Puits 5, OML 34, dans le delta du Niger, à des profondeurs comprises entre 2441 m et 3650 m. La description lithologique des échantillons montre sept unités lithostratigraphiques composées de schistes, de pélites, et de grès correspondant à la formation Paralic Agbada. L’étude des foraminifères a été effectuée sur ces échantillons. Au total, 51 espèces ont été trouvées : 37 espèces benthiques et 14 espèces planctoniques. L’indice planctonique obtenu sur le puits comprend Praeorbulina glomerosa, Praeorbulina sicana, Orbulina saturalis, et Catapsydrax dissimilis, ce qui indique que l’âge du puits pénétré est miocène. Trois zones à foraminifères planctoniques correspondant à Blow, 1969 (N6 – N7, N8 – N9, et N9) et Berggren et al., 1995 (M4, M4 – M5, et M5) sont proposées pour le puits. Les zones planctoniques sont la zone d’extension partielle à Catapsydrax dissimilis, la zone d’intervalle à Praeorbulina glomerosa, et la zone d’extension de taxon à Orbulina universa, respectivement. Les sédiments du puits sont considérés comme provenant d’environnements marins normaux d’après le ratio des types de coquilles et le diagramme triangulaire des types de tests de foraminifères (arénacé, porcelané, et hyalin). D’après la distribution des foraminifères, la paléobathymétrie du puits s’étend des environnements non marins aux environnements néritiques moyens.
Mots-clés : biostratigraphie ; lithostratigraphie ; paléoenvironnement ; foraminifères ; delta du Niger
Translator: Antoine Souron
Deutsche Zusammenfassung
Die Foraminiferen Biostratigraphie und Paläoumwelt von Bohrloch 5, OML 34, Niger Delta, Nigeria
Aus dem Bohrloch-5, OML 34 im Niger Delta wurden insgesamt 67 Proben in Tiefenintervallen zwischen 2441m bis 3650 m gesammelt. Eine lithologische Beschreibung dieser Proben ergab sieben lithostratigraphische Einheiten aus Tonschiefer, Silten und Sansteinen, die mit der Paralic Agbada Formation korrespondieren. Eine Foraminiferen-Analyse zeigte 51 Arten, von denen 37 benthonisch und 14 planktonisch sind. Der planktonische Index regenerierte sich. Praeorbulina glomerosa, Praeorbulina sicana, Orbulina saturalis und Catapsydrax dissimilis zeigen, dass es sich um ein miozänes Alter handelt. Es werden drei planktonische Foraminiferen-Zonen nach Blow, 1969 (N6 – N7, N8 – N9 und N9) und Berggren et al., 1995 (M4, M4 – M5 und M5) für das Bohrloch vorgeschlagen. Die planktonischen Zonen sind die Catapsydrax dissimilis Teilbereichszone, die Praeorbulina glomerosa Intervallzone und die Orbulina universa Taxonspektrums-Zone. Bei den Bohrloch-Sedimenten handelt es sich, basierend auf dem Muschelschalenverhältnis und dem triangulären Aufbau des Foraminiferen Test-Typs (sandig, aus Porzellan und hyalin), um ein normalmarines Ablagerungsmilieu. Basierend auf der Foraminiferen Verteilung reicht die Bathymetrie des Bohrlochs von einer nicht-marinen bis zu einer mittleren neritischen Umgebung.
Schlüsselwörter: Biostratigraphie; Lithostratigraphie; Paläoumgebung; Foraminifera; Niger Delta
Translator: Eva Gebauer
Arabic
Translator: Ashraf M.T. Elewa
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Review: The Princeton Field Guide to Mesozoic Sea Reptiles
The Princeton Field Guide to Mesozoic Sea Reptiles
Article number: 26.1.1R
April 2023