REFERENCES

Alexander, R.M. 1985. Mechanics of gait and posture of some large dinosaurs, Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 83:1-25.

Alexander, R.M. 1989. Dynamics of Dinosaurs and Other Extinct Giants. Columbia University Press, New York.

Alexander, R.M. 2006. Dinosaur biomechanics, Proceedings of the Royal Society of London B, 273:1849-1855.

Bates K.T., Manning, P.L., Hodgetts, D., and Sellers, W.I. 2009. Estimating the mass properties of dinosaurs using laser imaging and 3D computer modeling, PLoS ONE 4(2):e4532 doi:10.1371.

Bates, K.T., Manning, P.L., Margetts, L., and Sellers, W.I. In press.  Sensitivity analysis in evolutionary robotic simulations of bipedal dinosaur running. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 30(1).

Breithaupt,B.H. (2001) The case of "Big Al" the Allosaurus: a study in paleodetective partnerships, p. 95-106 In Santucci, V.L. andMcClelland, L. (eds.) Proceedings of the 6th Fossil Resource Conference (National Park Service, U.S. Department of the Interior, Geologic Resources Division Technical Report (NPS/NRGRD/GRDTR-01/01) p. 226.

Claessens, L.P.A.M. 2004. Dinosaur gastralia: Origin, morphology, and function, Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, 24:90-106.

Colbert, E.H. 1962. The weights of dinosaurs, American. Mus. Novit., 2181:1-24.

Farlow, J.O., Smith, M.B., and Robinson, J.M. 1995. Body mass, bone 'strength indicator' and cursorial potential of Tyrannosaurus rex, Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, 15:713-725.

Gatesy, S.M. 1990. Caudofemoralis musculature and the evolution of theropod locomotion, Paleobiology, 16:170-186.

Gatesy, S.M. 1995. Functional evolution of the hindlimb and tail from basal theropods to birds, p. 219-234. In Thomason, J.J. (ed.), Functional Morphology in Vertebrate Paleontology. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK.

Gierlinski G., Lockley, M., and Milner, A.R.C. 2005. Traces of early Jurassic crouching dinosaurs, p. 4. In Proceedings of Tracking Dinosaur Origins, Dixie State College, St. George, Utah.

Henderson, D.M. 1999. Estimating the Masses and Centers of Masses of Extinct Animals by 3-D Mathematical Slicing, Paleobiology, 25:88-106.

Henderson, D.M. and Snively, E. 2003. Tyrannosaurus en pointe: allometry minimized rotational inertia of large carnivorous dinosaurs, Proceedings of the Royal Society of London B Supplement: Biology Letters 271:S57-S60.

Hutchinson, J.R. 2001. The evolution of pelvic osteology and soft tissues on the line to extant birds (Neornithes), Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 131:123-168.

Hutchinson J.R., Thow-Hing, V.Ng., and Anderson, F.C. 2007. A 3D interactive method for estimating body segmental parameters in animals: application to the turning and running performance of Tyrannosaurus rex, Journal of Theoretical Biology, 246:660-680.

Madsen, J.H. 1976. Allosaurus fragilis: A revised osteology. Bulletin 109 Utah Geological Survey, pp. 163.

O'Connor, P.M. and Claessens, L.P.A.M. 2005. Basic avian pulmonary design and flow-ventilation in non-avian theropod dinosaurs, Nature, 436:253-256.

Paul, G.S. 1998. Limb design, function and running performance in ostrich-mimics and Tyrannosaurs, Gaia, 15:257-270.

Paul, G.S. 2008. The Extreme Lifestyles and Habits of the Gigantic Tyrannosaurid Superpredators of the Late Cretaceous of North America and Asia, p. 307-354. In Larson, P. and Carpenter, K. (eds.), Tyrannosaurus Rex, The Tyrant King.Indiana University Press, Bloomington.

Perry, S.F. 1983. Reptilian lungs: functional anatomy and evolution, Advances in Anatomy, Embryology, and Cell Biology, 79:1-81.

Sellers, W.I. and P.L. Manning.  2007. Estimating dinosaur maximum running speeds using evolutionary robotics. Proceedings of the Royal Society B 274 :2711-2716.

Snively, E. and Russell, A.P. 2007. Functional variation of neck muscles and their relation to feeding style in Tyrannosauridae and other large theropod dinosaurs, The Anatomical Record, 290:934-957.

Winter, DA.  1990. Biomechanics and motor control of human movement. John Wiley and Sons, New York, pp 277.

Next Section