Skull of Capacikala gradatus: Tables

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TABLE 1. Overview on some systematic assignments of castorid taxa by different authors on the level of genera only. In blue those genera that are assigned to the Palaeocastorinae by Korth (1994). Flynn and Jacobs (2008) refer to the North American Fauna only.


Stirton 1935	Simpson 1945	Korth 1994	McKenna & Bell 1997	Korth 2001	Rybczynski 2007	Flynn & Jacobs 2008
semi flattened incisors		Uncertain subfam.		Agnotocastorinae		basal castorids
Agnotocastor		Agnotocastor		Agnotocastorini		Agnotocastor
Palaeocastor		Hystricops		Agnotocastor	Agnotocastor	Neatocastor
Euhapsis				Neatocastor	Anchitheriomys	Oligotheriomys
Chalicomys				Hystricops		Anchitheriomys
Castor				Anchiteriomyini
Convex incisors				Anchitheriomys
Steneofiber				Propalaeocastor
Monosaulax				Oligotheriomys
Eucastor	Castorinae	Castorinae	Castorinae	Castorinae	Castorinae	Castorinae
Dipoides	Agnotocastor	Castor	Agnotocastor	Castor	Castor	Castor
Castoroides	Palaeocastor		Capacikalini	Chalicomys	Hystricops
Amblycastor	Euhapsis		Capacikala	Steneofiber	Sinocastor
Hystricops	Chalicomys		Pseudopalaeocastor	Zamolxifiber	Steneofiber
Trogontherium	Sinocastor		Castorini	Romanofiber
Conodontes	Castor		Euhapsina	Schreuderia
			Euhapsis
			Fossorcastor
			Castorina
			Propalaeocastor
			Chalicomys
			Palaeocastor
			Hystricops
			Castor
	Castoroidinae	Castoroidinae	Castoroidinae	Castoroidinae	Castoroidinae	Castoroidinae
	Steneofiber	Monosaulax	Steneofiber	Castoroidini	Dipoides	Euroxenomys
	Monosaulax	Eucastor	Neatocastor	Monosaulax	Eucastor	Monosaulax
	Eucastor	Dipoides	Asiacastor	Eucastor	Trogontherium	Eucastor
	Dipoides	Procastoroides	Youngofiber	Dipoides	Euroxenomys	Microdipoides
	Procastoroides	Castoroides	Trogontherium	Castoroides	Procastoroides	Dipoides
	Castoroides		Eucastor	Procastoroides	Castoroides	Procastoroides
	Trogontherium		Schreuderia	Trogontheriini
	Amblycastor		Dipoides	Trogontherium
			Boreofiber	Boreofiber
			Romanofiber	Euroxenomys
			Zamolxifiber	Youngofiber
			Procastoroides	Asiacastor
			Castoroides
			Paradipoides
		Palaeocastorinae		Palaeocastorinae	Palaeocastorinae	Palaeocastorinae
		Palaeocastorini		Palaeocastor	Euhapsis	Palaeocastor
		Palaeocastor		Capacikala	Fossorcastor	Capacikala
		Capatanka		Pesudopalaeocastor	Pseudopalaeo-castor	Pseudopalaeocastor
		Capacikalini		Euhapsis	Palaeocastor	Euhapsis
		Capacikala		Fossorcastor		Fossorcastor
		Pseudopalaeocastor
		Euhapsini
		Euhapsis
		Fossorocastor
					ungrouped
					Migmacastor
					Agnotocastor
					Eutypomys
					Priusaulax

Table 2. Measurements of the skull and mandible of Capacikalagradatus from the John Day fossil Beds in millimeters.


greatest skull length	59.93
zygomatic width (estimated from preserved right side)	48.00
length of right zygomatic arch	24.04
width of skull at external auditory meatus	30.43
distal height of skull (condyle - sagittal crest)	19.87
height of skull at auditory bullae	23.45
angle occipital plane to base of skull	90°
height of skull at tooth row (at P4)	22.97
width across condyles	12.52
maximal width of the nasals	9.25
maximal width of snout	12.39
height of snout	12.55
diastema	19.34
length of incisive foramen	5.24
a second foramen in front of incisive foramen present?	yes
form of infraorbital foramen	slitlike
height of infraorbital foramen	3.03
infraorbital constriction	8.66
width of parietale behind orbitae	22.62
width of postzygomatic constriction	25.05
length of right tooth row	11.25
length of left tooth row	11.34
distance P4/P4	4.31
distance M3/M3	7.2
postzygomatic skull length	14.58
length of bulla	11.46
tooth row visible trough orbital constriction	yes
rugosities on parietale	yes
masseter superficialis process prominent	no
masseter superficialis process clearly bordered	no
form of crista facialis in lateral view	straight/diagonally
form of crista facialis or rather infraorbital foramen in frontal view	convex, diagonally
lacrimal with dorsal part ?	no

Table 3. Measurements of the teeth of Capacikalagradatus JODA 621 in millimeters. Length of tooth rows: mandibular right 12.65 mm, mandibular left 12.72 mm, maxillar right 12.21 mm and maxillar left 11.27 mm.


Tooth	Length	Width
p4 left	4.27	3.33
m1 left	2.91	3.52
m2 left	2.92	3.44
m3 left	2.81	2.75
p4 right	4.13	3.32
m1 right	2.81	3.6
m2 right	3.08	3.47
m3 right	2.72	2.79
P4 left	3.43	3.81
M1 left	2.92	3.56
M2 left	2.65	3.44
M3 left	2.41	2.8
P4 right	3.57	4.11
M1 right	3.11	3.9
M2 right	2.89	3.56
M3 right	2.28	2.92

Table 4. Some values of procumbency angles of the upper incisors of some castorid taxa measured in accordance to the method of Lessa and Thaeler (1989) either from material at hand or the cited literature. Taxonomic assignments as in the cited literature. MTD – Senckenberg Natural History Collections Dresden, Museum für Tierkunde, UCMP – University of California Berkeley Museum of Paleontology.


Taxon	Literature	procumbency angle
Castoroides ohioensis	cast, MTD	63°
Capatanka magnus	Martin, 1987, fig. 2	69°
Monosaulax tedi	Korth, 1999, fig. 1	70°
Euhapsis breugerorum	Samuels & Van Valkenburgh, 2009	80°
Euhapsis platyceps	Samuels & Van Valkenburgh, 2009	82°
Castor fiber	average of 10 specimens, MTD	88°
Castor canadensis	Thomas, 1916	90°
Palaeocastor simplicidens	Samuels & Van Valkenburgh, 2009	90°
Capacikala gradatus	JODA 621, cast	95°
Palaeocastor fossor	Martin 1987, fig. 2	95°
Capatanka cankpeopi	McDonald, 1963	99°
Palaeocastor fossor	Samuels & Van Valkenburgh, 2009	102°
Dipoides tanneri	Korth, 2007, fig. 8	103°
Monosaulax pansus	Stefen, 2001	110°
Palaeocastor nebrascensis	UCMP 114635	113°
Palaeocastor magnus	Samuels & Van Valkenburgh, 2009	114°

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Skull of Capacikala gradatus: Tables