Revision of Talpidae: Tables

Distances between premolars

Presence and size of lower p1

Number of roots of p1

Metastylids of lower molars

Cingula in lower molars

Scalopinae (Condylurini)

Condylura

present - space between teeth long

small

2

present

absent

Scalopinae (Scalopini)

Scalopus

absent

small or absent

1

absent

absent

Scapanus

absent

small or absent

1

absent

present

Parascalops

absent

small

1

present

present

Scapanulus

absent

small or absent

1

present

present

poorly developed

+Hugueneya

absent

small

2

absent

present

+Proscapanus

absent

small

1

present

present

poorly developed

+Leptoscaptor

absent

absent

-

absent

present

+Yanshuella

absent

absent

-

absent

present

+Yunoscaptor

present

but space between teeth very small

absent

-

present

present poorly developed

+Domninoides

absent

probably absent

-

present

present

+Scalopoides

absent

small or absent

?

present

present

+Mydecodon

absent

probably present

-

absent

present

+Scapanoscapter

absent

small

2

poorly defined

present

+Proscalops

absent

?

?

absent

present

Talpinae (Talpini)

Scaptochirus

absent

enlarged

2

absent

Absent

Talpinae (Scaptonychini)

Scaptonyx

absent

enlarged

2

present

present

Quyania chowi

Quyania europaea

previously Scaptonyx ? dolichochir (Skoczeń 1980) and Urotrichus sp.(in Rzebik-Kowalska, 2009)

Quyania aff. polonica

Neurotrichus gibbsi

Günther, 1880

? Neurotrichus polonicus

China

Late Miocene/Early

Pliocene

Storch and Qiu, 1983

Poland

Early Pliocene -Early Pleistocene

Bulgaria

Early Pleistocene

Popov, 2004

Canada

Recent

Storch and Qiu, 1983

Poland

Late Pliocene - Early Pleistocene

Skoczeń, 1980

L

m1

W

1.36 - 1.56

n=25

0.92 - 1.08

n=27

1.49 - 1.46 - 1.51 n=6

0.84 - 0.89 - 0.93 n=6

1.75 - 1.80

n=2

1.10 - 1.12

n=2

-

-

1.70 - 1.95

n=6

1.10 - 1.30

n=6

L

m2

W

1.48 - 1.72

n=33

0,96 - 1.08

n=36

1.48 - 1.60 - 1.80 n=5

0.83 - 0.91 - 1.03 n=5

1.92 - 2.12

n=2

1.10 - 1.25 n=2

-

-

1.85 - 2.10

n=12

1.10 - 1.30

n=12

L

m3

W

1.32 - 1.48

n=20

0.60 - 0.80

n=18

1.85

0.60

1.65 - 1.72

n=2

0.90 - 1.00

n=2

-

-

1.70 - 1.82

n= 6

0.80 - 0.90

n=6

Humerus W of shaft (DW)

1.30 - 1.50

n=10

1.10 - 1.22

n=2

1.65 - 1.70

n=3

1.60

1.65 - 1.82

n=16

Characters

Neurotrichus gibbsi

(Baird, 1858)

? Neurotrichus polonicus

Skoczeń, 1980

Quyania chowi

Storch and Qiu, 1983

Quyania aff. polonica

(Skoczeń, 1980)

in Popov, 2004

Quyania europaea n. sp

previously Scaptonyx ? dolichochir (Skoczeń 1980) and Urotrichus sp. in Rzebik-Kowalska, 2009

P4

relatively narrow, precingulum and parastyle absent

broader, strong

precingulum connecting the protocone, parastyle absent

broader, strong precingulum connecting the parastyle and the protocone

-

-

M1

parastyle reduced, not protruding lingually, ectocingulum weak

parastyle strong, protruding lingually, ectocingulum strong

parastyle strong, protruding lingually, ectocingulum strong

-

-

M2

precingulum and postcingulum absent

precingulum and postcingulum poor or absent

precingulum and postcingulum usually present

-

-

anterior mental foramen

below p3

below c/p3

below p2

below p3

below p2

p3

narrow, conspicuously narrowing posteriorly

posterior wall relatively broad with a longitudinal groove along the posterior wall

wide, its posterior wall broad and basined

-

-

p4

elongated, talonid narrow, ectocingulum and entocingulum discontinuous

wide, talonid broad, cingulum weak, discontinuous

wide, talonid broad, encircled by a distinct cingulum

-

-

m1

trigonid elongated with the paraconid directed more anteriorly, mesoconid absent, crista obliqua is not separated by a small notch from the posterior wall of the trigonid

trigonid short and robust with the paraconid placed slightly antero-lingually, mesoconid absent, or very small,

crista obliqua terminates anteriorly (bucally) and is slightly separated or not separated by a small notch from the posterior wall of the trigonid

trigonid short with the paraconid placed antero-lingually, mesoconid present, crista obliqua terminates anteriorly (buccally) at the level of the protoconid and is separated by a small notch from the posterior wall of the trigonid

trigonid short, the paraconid situated slightly lingually in relation to the long axis of the tooth, mesoconid absent, crista obliqua terminate nearly in the middle of the posterior wall of the trigonid and is separated from it by a small notch

trigonid short, paraconid placed slightly lingually, mesoconid present, crista obliqua terminates anteriorly (buccally), separated by a small notch from the posterior wall of the trigonid.

Skoczenia copernici

Talpa fossilis

Talpa europaea

Kadzielnia 1

Zamkowa Dolna Cave A

Kadzielnia 1

Żabia Cave

Rzebik-Kowalska 2013

holotype

Min.

X

Max.

N

Min.

X

Max.

N

sd

cv

Min.

X

Max.

N

Min.

X

Max.

N

L

P4

W

-

-

2.03

1.45

2.07

1.49

2.12

1.53

2

2

2.00

1.47

2.13

1.56

2.24

1.65

5

5

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

1.55

0.90

1.63

0.97

1.72

1.10

14

14

L

M1

W

-

-

2.84

2.06

2.85

2.10

2.86

2.14

2

2

2.67

1.90

2.83

2.00

2.99

2.12

8

9

0.13

0.07

4.59

3.50

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

2.46

1.34

2.69

1.45

2.96

1.58

28

28

L

M2

W

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

2.05

2.31

2.11

2.46

2.22

2.53

5

5

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

2.00

2.22

2.22

2.48

2.42

2.81

29

29

L

M3

W

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

1.60

1.59

1.62

1.80

1.67

1.98

5

5

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

1.71

1.67

1.72

1.74

1.75

1.83

4

4

L

p4

W

1.97

0.85

1.85

0.85

1.91

0.87

1.97

0.90

2

2

1.66

0.82

1.75

0.88

1.86

0.93

7

7

0.08

0.04

4.57

4.54

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

1.28

0.57

1.38

0.64

1.47

0.69

21

21

L

m1

W

2.55

1.47

2.38

1.47

2.46

1.47

2.55

1.47

2

2

2.20

1.35

2.33

1.43

2.45

1.53

13

13

0.09

0.06

3.86

4.20

1.89

0.98

1.98

1.05

2.08

1.13

2

2

1.86

0.95

2.02

1.11

2.19

1.23

50

51

L

m2

W

2.24

1.38

2.24

1.38

2.24

1.39

2.25

1.40

2

2

2.14

1.33

2.21

1.37

2.29

1.40

6

6

-

-

-

-

2.28

1.24

2.43

1.32

2.61

1.36

5

5

2.30

1.20

2.47

1.31

2.67

1.40

39

41

H of mandible below m1

2.08

1.96

2.03

2.08

3

1.89

1.94

2.00

2

-

-

-

-

-

-

1.97

2.16

2.40

17