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TABLE 1. Measurements (in mm) of the dental material of taxa discussed in the text from the different fossil localities of the Kızılırmak. The values in brackets designate the width of the trigonid of lower molars, the non-bracketed values the maximal width. The asterisk designates estimated values when material is slightly broken or heavily worn/digested.

Specimen Taxon Tooth Length Width
GK2-11 Iberomeryx parvus d3 4.8 1.3
GK2-11 I. parvus d4 4.7 2.3
GK3-6 I. parvus i2-3? 3.2 2.5
GK3-7 I. parvus i1 2.4 2.9
GK3-11 I. parvus p3 3 1.2
GK3-36 I. parvus p4 4.4 1.9
GK3-8 I. parvus m1 5.3 2,8 (2,2)
641-5 I. parvus m1 5.5 2,9 (2,6)
641-4 I. parvus m1 5.4 3,2 (2,5)
GK3-3 I. parvus m1 5.6 3,1 (2,6)
GK3-42 I. parvus m2 6.1 3,4 (2,9)
641-7 I. parvus m2 6.3 3,4 (2,6)
641-3 I. parvus m2 6.8 3,7 (3)
GK3-34 I. parvus m2 7.2 4,5 (3,4)
GK3-33 I. parvus m2 6 3,5 (2,9)
641-6 I. parvus m2 7.1 4 (3,1)
641-2 I. parvus m3 7.8 3,4 (2,9)
GK3-2 I. parvus m3 7.9 3,1 (2,7)
GK2-4 I. parvus D2 5.1 2.1
GK2-4 I. parvus D3 5.2 2.8
GK2-4 I. parvus D4 4.5 4.4
GK2-4 I. parvus M1 5.3 5.2
GK3-4 I. parvus P2 6.3 3.7
GK3-5 I. parvus P4 3.8 4.4
KZ-7 I. parvus M1 5.4 5.1
641-13 I. parvus M1 5.3 5.5
GK3-31 I. parvus M2 6.4 6.8
641-12 I. parvus M2 6.3 6.2
641-14 I. parvus M2? 6.7 6.4
GK3-35 I. sp. p4 ? 3.2
641-9 lophiomerycid i ndet. p1? 7.3 2.9
BA-3 Dremotherium guthi m1 10.1 7.9
BA-6 D. guthi M2? 10.4 ?
641-10 cf. Palaeohypsodontus sp. M2? 9,5* ?

  

TABLE 2. Measurements (in mm) of the postcranial material of taxa discussed in the text from the different fossil localities of the Kızılırmak Formation. The asterisk designates estimated values when material is slightly broken or heavily worn/digested. Abbreviations: prox for proximal.

humerus (distal)
    width lateral depth medial depth
GK3-21 Iberomeryx parvus 10.3 4.2 6.7
GK3-22 I. parvus 10 4.7 7.1
         
metacarpal III+IV (distal)
    width depth  
GK3-54 I. parvus 8.9 ?  
         
astragali
    length prox width distal width
GK3-18 I.sp. 16.1 9,5* 8.7
641-23 I.sp. 15.9 9,0* 8,5*
641-24 I.sp. 16.6 9,6* 9*
641-25 I.sp. 15,5* 9,0* 8.8
GK3-25 I. parvus 12* 7,5* 6,7*
GK3-37 I. parvus 13.1 7,0* 6.5
GK3-38 I. parvus ? 5.7 ?
GK3-39 I. parvus ? 6* ?
641-21 I. parvus ? ? 5,5*
641-22 I. parvus 13.1 7 6.4
BA-2 lophiomerycid indet. 27* ? 15*
KZ-9 Pecora i ndet. 30.7 19.6 19.1
         
cubonavicular
    width depth max height
GK2-5 I. parvus 9.2 8,0* 8,5*
641-15 I. parvus 10.8 9.8 10
641-16 I. parvus 7.6 6.2 8.9
GK2-3 lophiomerycid indet. 17.7 ? 16.7
         
calcanei
    length prox width distal width
GK2-7 lophiomerycid indet. ? 15* ?
BA-3 lophiomerycid indet. ? 14* 11*
KZ-10 lophiomerycid indet. ? 15* ?
GK3-19 I. parvus ? 7* ?
GK3-23 I. parvus 21* 7,5* 5.5
GK3-24 I. parvus 18* ? 4*
641-17 I. parvus 17,5* ? 4.4
641-19 I. parvus 18* 7* 4.5
KZ-11 I. sp. ? 11* ?
         
phalanx prox
    length prox width distal width
GK3-13 I. parvus 8.7 3.2 2.4
GK3-46 I. parvus ? ? 3.3
KZ-4 I. parvus ? ? 3.1
KZ-5 I. parvus ? ? 2.8
KZ-6 I. parvus 13.4 4.4 2.7
641-29 I. sp. 13.2 5.2 4
KZ-3 I.sp. ? ? 5
BA-8 I. sp. ? ? 6.5

 

TABLE 3. Comparison of body mass estimations of taxa documented by an astragalus using the astragalus size (W-astragalus) from the method developed in Martinez and Sudre (1995), and comparisons with the mass range of the extant Tragulus kanchil (from Meijaard and Groves, 2004). The estimated body mass of I. parvus from Benara was obtained by using the m1 area (Wm1) of the type specimen (Gabunia, 1964, p. 182) and the method of Legendre (1989).

  Taxon Estimated body mass
(Kg)
TP641-21 Iberomeryx parvus 1.4
GK3-25 I. parvus 2
TP641-22 I. parvus 2.1
GK3-37 I. parvus 2.2
TP641-24 I.sp. 6.1
GK3-18 I. sp. 5.9
type (p4-m2) I. parvus 2.6
  Tragulus kanchil 1500 to 2500
KZ-9 large Pecora indet. 38

 

 

TABLE 4. Occurrence of identified taxa in the different localities of the Kızılırmak Formation.

  GK2 GK3 Bagdatli TP641 Kz
Iberomeryx parvus x x x x x
Iberomeryx sp. (large)   x x x x
Lophiomerycidae indet. x   x x x
Dremotherium guthi     x    
cf Palaeohypsodontus sp.       x  
large Pecora indet.     x   x