Fossil plants from Mississippi: Tables

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TABLE 1. All taxa/morphotypes reported from the Bovay and Bolden localities in northern Mississippi, and the Warman locality in western Tennessee, USA (Wang et al., 2013). The table also lists each taxon/morphotype’s organ type, proposed modern affinity, and its figure numbers in this paper and in Wang et al. (2013). “+” indicates a taxon/morphotype is present at a locality.

Proposed modern affinity	Taxa/morphotypes	Figure numbers in this paper	Figure numbers in Wang et al. (2013)	Organ type	Warman	Bovay	Bolden
Lauraceae	Lauroflorum warmanensis Wang, Blanchard, and Dilcher, 2013		figure 3	flower	+
Annonaceae	Anonaspermum robertsi (Berry) Wang, Blanchard, and Dilcher, 2013	Figure 4	figure 4.1-3, 4.5-8	seed	+		+
Annonaceae	Anonaspermum warmanensis Wang, Blanchard, and Dilcher, 2013		figure 4.4	seed	+
Magnoliaceae	cf. Magnolia sp.		figure 5	seed	+
Araceae	cf. Acorites heeri Crepet, 1978		figure 6	inflorescence	+
Altingiaceae	Claiborne Altingiaceae Infructescence Type 1		figure 7	infructescence	+
Hamamelidaceae	Corylopsis grotei Wang, Blanchard, and Dilcher, 2013		figure 8	seed	+
Hamamelidaceae	Hamamelis sp.		figure 9	seed	+
Euphorbiaceae	Hippomaneoidea warmanensis Crepet and Daghlian, 1982		figure 20	inflorescence	+
Malpighiaceae	Eoglandulosa warmanensis Taylor and Crepet, 1987		figure 21	flower	+
Salicaceae	cf. Populus sp.	Figure 13		fruit			+
Fabaceae	Caesalpinia claibornensis Herendeen and Dilcher, 1991		figure 13.4-5	fruit	+
	Crudia grahamiana Herendeen and Dilcher, 1990a		figure 13.6	fruit	+
	Diplotropis claibornensis Herendeen and Dilcher, 1990b		figure 14.1	fruit	+
	Eliasofructus claibornensis Herendeen and Dilcher, 1990c		figure 14.2	fruit	+
	Eomimosoidea plumosa Crepet and Dilcher, 1977		figures 10-11	inflorescence	+
	Ormosia sp.		figure 14.5-6	fruit	+
	Protomimosoidea buchananensis Crepet and Taylor, 1986	Figures 5-7	figure 12	flower	+	+
	Swartzia sp.		figure 13.1	fruit	+
	cf. Acrocarpus sp.	Figure 8		fruit		+
	cf. Erythrophleum sp.		figure 13.2	fruit	+
	cf. Gleditsia? mississippiensis (Berry) Berry, 1930	Figure 9	figure 14.3	fruit	+		+
	cf. Leguminosites phyllocarpoides Berry, 1930		figure 13.3	fruit	+
	Claiborne Fabaceae Floral Type 1	Figure 11		flower		+
	Claiborne Fabaceae Floral Type 2	Figure 12		flower		+	+
	"Short, broad winged fruit"	Figure 10		fruit		+	+
	"Thick walled fruit"		figure 14.4	fruit	+
Fagaceae	Quercus oligocenensis Daghlian and Crepet, 1983		figure 15	staminate inflorescences	+
	cf. Trigonobalanoidea americana Crepet and Nixon, 1989	Figure 14		infructescence		+
	Claiborne Fagaceae Fruit Type 1		figure 16.1-2	fruits	+
	Claiborne Fagaceae Fruit Type 2		figure 16.3	fruit	+
	Claiborne Fagaceae Fruit Type 3	Figure 15.1-3	figure 17.4	fruit	+
	Claiborne Fagaceae Fruit Type 4	Figure 16		fruit		+
	Claiborne Fagaceae Fruit Type 5	Figure 15.5	figure 17.1-3	fruit	+
Juglandaceae	Eokachyra aeolius Crepet, Dilcher and Potter, 1975		figure 18	inflorescence	+
Juglandaceae	Paleooreomunnea stoneana Dilcher, Potter and Crepet, 1976		figure 19	fruit	+
Moraceae	Cornerocarpon copiosum Grote, 1989		figures 22, 23	fruit	+
Rhamnaceae	“Solanites” pusillus Berry, 1930	Figures 17-18	figure 35	flower	+	+	+
Sapindaceae	Bridgesia bovayensis Manchester and O’Leary, 2010	Figure 19		fruit		+
Theaceae	Andrewsiocarpon henryense Grote and Dilcher, 1989		figure 27	fruit	+
	Gordonia warmanensis Grote and Dilcher, 1989	Figure 20	figure 24	fruit	+	+
	cf. Gordonia sp. 1		figure 25	flower	+
	cf. Gordonia sp. 2		figure 26	flower	+
Icacinaceae	cf. Natsiatum wilcoxiana (Berry) Stull, Moore and Manchester, 2011	Figure 21		endocarp		+
Eucommiaceae	Eucommia eocenica (Berry) Brown, 1940	Figure 22		fruit		+	+
Bignoniaceae	Grotea warmanensis Wang, Blanchard and Dilcher, 2013		figure 28.1	fruit	+
Oleaceae	Fraxinus wilcoxiana (Berry) Call and Dilcher, 1992		figure 29	fruit	+
Caprifoliaceae	Dipelta bovayensis sp. nov.	Figure 23		fruit		+
Araliaceae	“Aralia” semina Berry, 1930		figure 30	seed	+
Araliaceae	Paleopanax boldensis sp. nov.	Figure 24		fruit		+
Angiosperm incertae sedis - flowers	Antholithes wilcoxensis Berry, 1930		figure 34	flower	+
	“Solanites” sarachaformis Berry, 1930	Figure 26		flower		+
	cf. “Solanites” saportanus (Berry) Martínez-Millán, 2010	Figure 25		flower		+
	Claiborne Floral Type 1		figure 36.1-2	flower	+
	Claiborne Floral Type 2		figure 36.3-4	flower	+
	Claiborne Floral Type 3		figure 37	flower	+
	Claiborne Floral Type 4		figure 38	flower	+
	Claiborne Floral Type 5	Figure 27	figure 39	flower	+		+
	Claiborne Floral Type 6		figure 40	flower	+
	Claiborne Floral Type 7	Figure 28		flower		+
	Claiborne Floral Type 8	Figure 29		flower		+
	Claiborne Floral Type 9	Figure 30		flower		+
	Claiborne Floral Type 10	Figure 31		flower		+
	Claiborne Floral Type 11	Figure 32		flower		+
	Claiborne Floral Type 12	Figure 33		flower			+
	Claiborne Floral Type 13	Figure 34		flower		+
	Claiborne Floral Type 14	Figure 35		flower			+
	Claiborne Floral Type 15	Figure 36		flower		+
	Claiborne Floral Type 16	Figure 37		flower		+
	Claiborne Floral Type 17	Figure 38		flower			+
	Claiborne Floral Type 18	Figure 39		flower		+
	Claiborne Floral Type 19	Figure 40		petal?		+
	Claiborne Floral Type 20	Figure 41		stamens		+
Angiosperm incertae sedis - infructescences	" Sparganium " sp.	Figure 42	figure 49	infructescence	+	+
	Claiborne Infructescence Type 1		figure 31	infructescence	+
	Claiborne Infructescence Type 2		figure 32	infructescence	+
	Claiborne Infructescence Type 3		figure 33	infructescence	+
	Claiborne Infructescence Type 4	Figure 43		infructescence		+
	Claiborne Infructescence Type 5	Figure 44		infructescence		+
	Claiborne Infructescence Type 6	Figure 45		infructescence		+
	Claiborne Infructescence Type 7	Figure 46		infructescence			+
Angiosperm incertae sedis - fruits and seeds	Carpolithus boldensis sp. nov.	Figure 47		seed			+
	Carpolithus collinsi (Berry) Wang, Blanchard, and Dilcher, 2013		figure 41	fruit	+
	Carpolithus complanata (Lesquereux) Wang, Blanchard, and Dilcher, 2013		figure 42	seed	+
	Carpolithus prangosoides Berry, 1916b		figure 43	fruit	+
	Carpolithus sophorites Berry, 1916b		figure 44	seed	+
	Carpolithus warmanensis Wang, Blanchard, and Dilcher, 2013		figure 45	fruit	+
	Palmocarpon wilcoxiana (Berry) Wang, Blanchard, Dilcher, 2013	Figure 55	figure 47, 48	fruit	+	+
	“Acer” knowltoni (Berry) Brown, 1940	Figure 49		fruit		+	+
	“Copaifera” yeguana Berry, 1915		figure 46	fruit	+
	cf. Saportaspermum sp.	Figure 48		seed		+
	Claiborne Fruit/Seed Type 1		figure 50	fruit/seed	+
	Claiborne Fruit/Seed Type 2		figure 51	fruit/seed	+
	Claiborne Fruit/Seed Type 3		figure 52	fruit/seed	+
	Claiborne Fruit/Seed Type 4		figure 53	fruit/seed	+
	Claiborne Fruit/Seed Type 5		figure 54	fruit/seed	+
	Claiborne Fruit/Seed Type 6	Figure 50		fruit/seed		+
	Claiborne Fruit/Seed Type 7	Figure 51		fruit/seed		+
	Claiborne Fruit/Seed Type 8	Figure 52		fruit/seed		+
	Claiborne Fruit/Seed Type 9	Figure 53		fruit/seed		+
	Claiborne Fruit/Seed Type 10	Figure 54		fruit/seed		+
Plant incertae sedis	Equisetum?		figure 55	unknown	+
Undetermined	Claiborne Undetermined Structure 1	Figure 56		unknown		+
	Claiborne Undetermined Structure 2	Figure 57		unknown		+
	Claiborne Undetermined Structure 3	Figure 58		unknown		+
	Claiborne Undetermined Structure 4	Figure 59		unknown		+
Number of taxa/morphotypes from each locality					62	43	14
Number of taxa/morphotypes from all three localities					106

TABLE 2. Comparison of major characters of Protomimosoidea buchananensis, Claiborne Fabaceae Floral Types 1 and 2, Claiborne Floral Types 17 and 18. All dimensions are in millimeters. “?” indicates that a measurement is not available or a character is not observed.

	Ovary size (length x width)	Number of stamens	Filament length	Anther size (length x width)	Anther connective	Perianth (length x width)	Pedicel (length x width)
Protomimosoidea buchananensis	2 x 1	10	5	0.75-1 x 0.5	strong	2 x 1	up to 6 x 0.3
Claiborne Fabaceae Floral Type 1	expanded	?	9	1.5 x?	?	?	?
Claiborne Fabaceae Floral Type 2	2 x 2.5	> 10	1	0.5 x 0.5	strong	1 x 1	5-5.5 x 1
Claiborne Floral Type 17	2 x 2.5	> 10	4-5	?	?	4 x 2	3.5 x 1
Claiborne Floral Type 18	2 x 2	4-6	2, fused	0.5-1 x 0.5	very strong	?	1 x 0.5

TABLE 3. Major characters of Claiborne Fagaceae Fruit Types 1 to 5 and Catahoulea grahamii. All dimensions are in millimeters. “?” indicates that a measurement is not available or a character is not observed.

	Fruit size (length x width)	Number of nutlets	Nutlet size (length x width)	Spines	Cupule valve	Web-like pattern of cupule	Peduncle (length x width)	Specimen number and references
Claiborne Fagaceae Fruit Type 1	15 x 35	?	?	simple or branched	?	?	10 x 1	UF15826-51476 (figure 16.1-2 in Wang et al., 2013) and six other specimens from Warman clay pit, Tennessee
Claiborne Fagaceae Fruit Type 2	20 x 20	?	?	simple	?	no	?	UF15826-51231 (figure 16.3 in Wang et al., 2013)
Claiborne Fagaceae Fruit Type 3	10 x 10	at least 2	2 x 1	simple or branched	3	yes	0.5-1 x?	UF15815-005347 (Figure 15.1-2); UF15826-029215 (figure 2.F in DeVore et al., 2014); UF15826-51307 (Figure 15.3; figure 17.4 in Wang et al., 2013; figure 2.C DeVore et al., 2014).
Claiborne Fagaceae Fruit Type 4	12 x 6.5	at least 2	7 x 5	branched	?	spines intertwined	2 x 0.5	UF15737-59211 (Figure 16)
Claiborne Fagaceae Fruit Type 5	25 in diameter	?	?	branched	3	yes	10 x 1	UF15826-29216 (Figure 15.5; figure 17.1-3 in Wang et al., 2013)
Catahoulea grahamii	5.5-10 x 13	3	one large, 3 x 2; two small 3 x 1	simple or branched	3	yes	9.5 x 0.3	UF 15841-062191 (Figure 15.4) and other 23 specimens from Huntsville, Texas (DeVore et al., 2014)

TABLE 4. Comparison of characters of Claiborne Floral Type 5, Claiborne Floral Types 8 to 11, " Diospyros " mirafloriana, Eoglandulosa warmanensis, “Solanites” pusillus, “Solanites” saportanus, and “Solanites” sarachaformis. All dimensions are in millimeters. “?” indicates that a measurement is not available or a character is not observed.

Taxa/morphotypes	Flower -merous	Size in diameter when vertically compressed	Number of sepals	Sepal base	Sepal shape	Sepal size (length x width)	Sepal venation	Number of petals	Petal shape	Petal size (length x width)
Claiborne Floral Type 5	5-merous	22	?	?	?	?	?	?	?	?
Claiborne Floral Type 8	?4-merous	8	?	?	?	?	?	?	?	?
Claiborne Floral Type 9	5-merous	6	?	?	?	?	?	?	?	?
Claiborne Floral Type 10	6-merous	15	?	?	?	?	?	6	ovate	5 x 2-2.5
Claiborne Floral Type 11	?4-merous	11	?	?	?	?	?	?	?	?
"Diospyros" mirafloriana	5-merous	35-40	5	separate	?	12.5 x 9.5	?	?	?	?
Eoglandulosa warmanensis (Wang et al. 2013)	5-merous	10	?5	connate	oblong to triangular	4 x 2	?	?	?	?
“Solanites” pusillus	5-merous	8-10	5	separate	isosceles-triangular	2.5-3 x 2.5-3	mid-vein present	5	?	3 x 1-2
“Solanites” saportanus	6-merous	9	6	separate	triangular	3 x 2	mid-vein present	?	?	?
“Solanites” sarachaformis	4-merous	10	4	separate	ovate	4.5 x 3.5	5 veins	?	?	?

TABLE 4 (continued).

Taxa/morphotypes	Petal venation	Arrangement	Number of periath parts when sepals and petals can not be distinguished	Perianth part shape	Perianth part size (length x width)	Perianth part venation	Hypanthium	Hypanthium rim	Floral cup diameter	Ovary	Pedicel (length x width)
Claiborne Floral Type 5	?	?	5	ovate	7 x 5	faint veins	present	?	?	superior	?
Claiborne Floral Type 8	?	alternate, 2 whorls	8	triangular	1.5 -2.5 x 1.5-2	5 veins	present	present	3	superior	? x 0.5
Claiborne Floral Type 9	?	?	5	triangular	2 x 1	not observed	present	present	?	2-3	? x 0.2
Claiborne Floral Type 10	thin	?	?	?	?	?	?	?	?	inferior	?
Claiborne Floral Type 11	?	?	?	ovate	5 x 3	fine veins	?	?	?	?	long; 10 x 0.5
"Diospyros" mirafloriana	?	?	?	?	?	?	present	present	12.5	?	?
Eoglandulosa warmanensis (Wang et al. 2013)	?	?	?	?	?	?	?	?	?	?	?
“Solanites” pusillus	?	alternate, two whorls	?	?	?	?	present	present	3.5 – 4.5	inferior	1 x 0.5
“Solanites” saportanus	?	?	?	?	?	?	present	absent	4	?	? x 0.5
“Solanites” sarachaformis	?	?	?	?	?	?	present	absent	?	?	?

TABLE 5. Total numbers of specimens, leaves, and reproductive material from the Bovay and Bolden clay pit, Mississippi, and the Warman clay pit, Tennessee.

		Bovay	Bolden	Bovay and Bolden	Warman
Total number of specimens		505	187	692	3166
Leaves		359	140	499	2560
Reproductive material	Total number of reproductive material	146	47	193	606
	Identified	89	18	107	338
	Unidentified	57	29	86	268

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Fossil plants from Mississippi: Tables