TABLE 1. Top five living fossils according to pEPI and their associated statistics for Amphibia, Arthropoda, Aves, Embryophyta, Lepidosauria, Mammalia, Metazoa, Vertebrata and Actinopteria. “-” indicates no data is available.
| Common name | Scientific name | Change | Success | Time | ED | EPI | pEPI | % |
| Amphibians | Amphibia | - | 3.24E-01 | 351.80 | - | - | -6.99 | 20%-21% |
| Tailed frog | Ascaphus | - | 3.47E-04 | 183.50 | - | - | -13.18 | 0%-1% |
| New Zealand primitive frogs | Leiopelma | - | 6.95E-04 | 183.50 | - | - | -12.48 | 0%-1% |
| Gastric-brooding frog | Rheobatrachus silus | - | 1.49E-03 | 123.90 | - | - | -11.33 | 1%-2% |
| Fire-bellied toads | Bombinatoridae | - | 1.91E-03 | 156.90 | - | - | -11.32 | 1%-2% |
| The Seychelles frogs | Sooglossoidea | - | 1.80E-03 | 135.30 | - | - | -11.23 | 1%-2% |
| Arthropods | Arthropoda | - | 4.10E+02 | 680.50 | - | - | -0.51 | 98%-99% |
| Kauri moth | Agathiphaga queenslandensis | - | 2.64E-05 | 224.00 | - | - | -15.95 | 0%-1% |
| Southern beech moth | Heterobathmia pseuderiocrania | - | 2.64E-05 | 224.00 | - | - | -15.95 | 0%-1% |
| - | Andesiana lamellata | - | 2.70E-05 | 194.00 | - | - | -15.79 | 0%-1% |
| Archaic bell moths | Neopseustidae | - | 5.29E-05 | 194.00 | - | - | -15.12 | 0%-1% |
| - | Prionodiaptomus | - | 2.18E-04 | 507.35 | - | - | -14.66 | 0%-1% |
| Birds | Aves | - | 3.41E+02 | 236.50 | - | - | 0.37 | 99%-100% |
| Hoatzin | Opisthocomus hoazin | 0.74 | 1.13E-04 | 72.45 | 72.69 | -4.56 | -13.37 | 0%-1% |
| New Zealand wrens | Acanthisittidae | 0.80 | 3.72E-04 | 73.10 | 41.68 | -4.55 | -12.19 | 0%-1% |
| Hoopoes, wood-hoopoes, scimitarbills | Upupiformes | 0.96 | 3.41E-04 | 59.58 | 20.68 | -4.13 | -12.07 | 0%-1% |
| Grey hypocolius | Hypocolius ampelinus | - | 1.86E-04 | 29.02 | 32.41 | - | -11.96 | 0%-1% |
| Mousebirds | Coliidae | 0.83 | 6.81E-04 | 81.59 | 38.97 | -4.54 | -11.69 | 0%-1% |
| Land Plants | Embryophyta | - | 1.99E+02 | 919.80 | - | - | -1.53 | 94%-95% |
| Coontails or hornworts | Ceratophyllum | - | 7.91E-05 | 139.00 | - | - | -14.38 | 0%-1% |
| - | Berberidopsidales | - | 1.19E-04 | 113.70 | - | - | -13.77 | 0%-1% |
| - | Andreaeobryum macrosporum | - | 3.11E-04 | 220.00 | - | - | -13.47 | 0%-1% |
| Griffith's oedipodium moss | Oedipodium griffithianum | - | 3.24E-04 | 214.10 | - | - | -13.40 | 0%-1% |
| Soap bark tree | Quillaja saponaria | - | 1.13E-04 | 65.40 | - | - | -13.27 | 0%-1% |
| Lepidosaurs | Lepidosauria | - | 7.06E-01 | 279.70 | - | - | -5.98 | 30%-31% |
| Tuatara | Sphenodon | - | 3.06E-04 | 251.80 | - | - | -13.62 | 0%-1% |
| Cat gecko | Aeluroscalabotes felinus | - | 1.19E-03 | 116.00 | - | - | -11.49 | 0%-1% |
| - | Dibamidae | - | 2.15E-03 | 201.00 | - | - | -11.45 | 0%-1% |
| - | Altiphylax | - | 2.37E-03 | 110.67 | - | - | -10.75 | 1%-2% |
| - | Microgecko | - | 2.37E-03 | 108.00 | - | - | -10.73 | 1%-2% |
| Mammals | Mammalia | - | 3.54E-01 | 311.90 | - | - | -6.78 | 22%-23% |
| Egg-laying mammals | Monotremata | 0.97 | 5.37E-04 | 166.20 | 80.13 | -5.15 | -12.64 | 0%-1% |
| Mountain beaver | Aplodontia rufa | - | 5.34E-04 | 58.70 | 58.82 | - | -11.61 | 0%-1% |
| Springhare | Pedetes capensis | 0.85 | 5.34E-04 | 56.90 | 59.83 | -4.20 | -11.58 | 0%-1% |
| Flying lemurs | Cynocephalidae | - | 1.10E-03 | 91.30 | 52.18 | - | -11.33 | 1%-2% |
| Beavers | Castor | 0.91 | 1.07E-03 | 71.60 | 41.88 | -4.37 | -11.11 | 1%-2% |
| Multicelled animals | Metazoa | - | 3.39E+00 | 998.10 | - | - | -5.68 | 34%-35% |
| - | Limnognathia maerski | - | 5.77E-05 | 662.00 | - | - | -16.26 | 0%-1% |
| Placozoans | Trichoplax | - | 8.74E-05 | 951.80 | - | - | -16.20 | 0%-1% |
| Mesozoans | Mesozoa | - | 1.10E-04 | 951.80 | - | - | -15.97 | 0%-1% |
| Jaw worms | Gnathostomulida | - | 1.36E-04 | 745.60 | - | - | -15.51 | 0%-1% |
| Comb jellies | Ctenophora | - | 2.18E-04 | 824.00 | - | - | -15.15 | 0%-1% |
| Vertebrates | Vertebrata | - | 1.27E+02 | 680.20 | - | - | -1.68 | 93%-94% |
| Coelacanth | Latimeria | - | 7.06E-05 | 413.00 | - | - | -15.58 | 0%-1% |
| Lungfishes | Ceratodontimorpha | - | 4.23E-04 | 413.00 | - | - | -13.79 | 0%-1% |
| Bichirs | Polypteridae | - | 7.66E-04 | 386.30 | - | - | -13.13 | 0%-1% |
| Jawless vertebrates | Cyclostomata | - | 2.20E-03 | 615.00 | - | - | -12.54 | 0%-1% |
| Crocodiles | Crocodylia | - | 2.93E-03 | 236.50 | - | - | -11.30 | 1%-2% |
| Actinopterians | Actinopteria | - | 2.32E+03 | 314.70 | - | - | 2.00 | 99%-100% |
| Salamanderfish | Lepidogalaxias salamandroides | - | 8.32E-05 | 209.40 | - | - | -14.74 | 0%-1% |
| - | Holostei | - | 4.32E-04 | 314.70 | - | - | -13.50 | 0%-1% |
| Beardfish | Polymixia | - | 5.31E-04 | 148.00 | - | - | -12.54 | 0%-1% |
| Convict/engineer blenny/goby | Pholidichthys leucotaenia | - | 4.49E-04 | 93.00 | - | - | -12.24 | 0%-1% |
| Jellynose fish | Ateleopodidae | - | 8.33E-04 | 166.90 | - | - | -12.21 | 0%-1% |
TABLE 2. Top living fossils according to EPI and their associated statistics for birds (B) and mammals (M) for which the change variable could be calculated.
| Common name | Scientific name | B/M | Change | Success | Time | ED | EPI | pEPI |
| Egg-laying mammals | Monotremata | M | 0.97 | 5.37E-04 | 166.20 | 80.13 | -5.15 | -12.64 |
| Marsupials | Metatheria | M | 1.00 | 6.68E-02 | 147.70 | 18.28 | -4.93 | -7.70 |
| Ratites and Tinamous | Palaeognathae | B | 1.01 | 6.24E-03 | 116.75 | 25.58 | -4.74 | -9.84 |
| Anteaters, sloths and armadillos | Xenarthra | M | 0.99 | 6.92E-03 | 101.10 | 25.48 | -4.62 | -9.59 |
| Afrotherians | Afrotheria | M | 0.98 | 2.08E-02 | 101.30 | 30.44 | -4.62 | -8.49 |
| Fowl | Galloanserae | B | 0.97 | 5.52E-02 | 103.54 | 7.23 | -4.61 | -7.54 |
| Aardvark | Orycteropus afer | M | 0.92 | 9.43E-03 | 93.20 | 93.34 | -4.61 | -9.20 |
| Odd-toed ungulates | Perissodactyla | M | 0.86 | 1.20E-02 | 87.30 | 29.38 | -4.61 | -8.89 |
| Hoatzin | Opisthocomus hoazin | B | 0.76 | 1.13E-04 | 72.45 | 72.69 | -4.56 | -13.37 |
| New Zealand wrens | Acanthisittidae | B | 0.77 | 3.72E-04 | 73.10 | 41.68 | -4.55 | -12.19 |
| Trogons | Trogonidae | B | 0.82 | 4.45E-03 | 77.23 | 12.35 | -4.54 | -9.76 |
| Oilbird | Steatornis caripensis | B | 0.83 | 1.10E-02 | 79.12 | 79.17 | -4.54 | -8.88 |
| Mouse birds | Coliidae | B | 0.87 | 6.81E-04 | 81.59 | 38.97 | -4.54 | -11.69 |
| Pangolins | Manis | M | 0.91 | 6.40E-03 | 84.90 | 25.73 | -4.53 | -9.49 |
| Seriemas | Cariamidae | B | 0.89 | 1.26E-02 | 82.20 | 48.49 | -4.51 | -8.78 |
| Solenodons | Solenodon | M | 0.94 | 4.72E-03 | 84.20 | 62.54 | -4.49 | -9.79 |
| Rabbits and hares | Lagomorpha | M | 0.98 | 4.64E-02 | 91.80 | 12.99 | -4.49 | -7.59 |
| Dormice | Gliridae | M | 0.85 | 9.16E-03 | 76.30 | 24.13 | -4.49 | -9.03 |
| Tree shrews | Tupaiidae | M | 1.05 | 9.95E-03 | 94.30 | 28.62 | -4.49 | -9.16 |
| Divers/Loons | Gavia | B | 0.75 | 5.68E-04 | 64.98 | 30.23 | -4.46 | -11.65 |
| Shorebirds | Charadriiformes | B | 0.97 | 3.56E-02 | 85.18 | 12.14 | -4.44 | -7.78 |
| Mesites | Mesitornithidae | B | 0.93 | 1.26E-02 | 77.54 | 36.09 | -4.41 | -8.73 |
| Owls | Strigiformes | B | 0.97 | 1.78E-02 | 80.44 | 10.57 | -4.40 | -8.42 |
| Falcons and caracaras | Falconiformes | B | 0.96 | 3.33E-02 | 80.68 | 11.15 | -4.40 | -7.79 |
| Parrots | Psittaciformes | B | 0.96 | 4.00E-02 | 80.48 | 8.76 | -4.39 | -7.61 |
TABLE 3. Number of species counted from NCBI taxonomy and number of expected for each taxonomic grouping. Metazoan estimate is based on the sum of descendent clades.
| Group | Spp. Count | Expected Count | % | Reference | |
| Amphibia | 6,936 | 7,571 | 92 | (AmphibiaWeb, 2016) | |
| Arthropoda | 166,900 | 7,500,000 | * | 2 | (Ødegaard, 2000) |
| Aves | 8,867 | 10,050 | 88 | (Gill and Wright, 2006) | |
| Embryophyta | 131,987 | 350,669 | 38 | (The Plant List, 2006) | |
| Lepidosauria | 6,539 | 9,000 | * | 73 | (Uetz, 2010) |
| Mammalia | 5,593 | 5,416 | 103 | (Wilson and Reeder, 2005) | |
| Metazoa | 265,332 | 7,980,706 | 3 | - | |
| Vertebrata | 50,498 | 64,000 | 79 | (Baillie et al. 2004) | |
| Actinopetrians | 20,847 | 34,000 | * | 61 | (Froese and Pauly, 2017) |
| Mean % | 60 | ||||
| *Author estimates based on description | |||||
