TABLE 1. Measurements of the bony labyrinth of Proboscidea. Linear measurements are in mm.
Cochlear canal | Semicircular canal lengths | Semicircular canal angles | Radius | ||||||||||||
Cochlear coiling | Cochlear length | Cochlear aspect ratio | Relative volume of the cochlea | Radii ratio | Stapedial ratio | Anterior | Lateral | Posterior | LASC | LPSC | APSC | Anterior | Lateral | Posterior | |
Palaeoloxodon tiliensis | 752° | 33.92 | 0.46 | 0.36 | 8.60 | 1.90 | 16.36 | 9.16 | 15.45 | 64° | 87° | 74° | 3.46 | 2.12 | 3.51 |
Elephasb, c | 793° | 38.10 | 0.55 | 0.26 | 8.80 | 1.59 | 18.90 | 10.15 | 14.36 | 67° | 86° | 63° | 4.19 | 2.58 | 3.73 |
Loxodontab, c | 670° | 39.05 | 0.49 | 0.46 | 7.01 | 1.53 | 16.20 | 8.22 | 16.54 | 66° | 93° | 72° | 4.70 | 0.29 | 4.79 |
Elephantimorpha | 765° | 13.94 | 0.42 | 0.31 | NA | 1.80 | 24.57 | 24.28 | 12.54 | 66° | 93° | 74° | 4.99 | 2.67 | 5.51 |
Numidotheriumb | 584° | 16.66 | 0.51 | 0.44 | 3.55 | 1.81 | 12.17 | NA | 14.44e | 82°e | 92°e | 75° | 3.27 | 2.46e | 3.21e |
e: estimated value; NA: not available.
a After Ekdale (2011).
b After Benoit et al. (2013a, b).
c After Manoussaki et al. (2008).