TABLE 1. Selected measurements for type specimen (LACM/CIT 1854) of Protitanops curryi, a stratigraphically associated and possibly conspecific specimen (LACM/CIT 2007), and summary statistics for Protitanops curryi material from West Texas and Mexico combined. Abbreviations: N - number of specimens; SD - standard deviation; Min - minimum observation; Max - maximum observation; CV - coefficient of variation.
Titus Canyon | West Texas specimens combined | |||||||
LACM /CIT 1854 |
LACM /CIT 2007 |
N | Mean | SD | Min | Max | CV | |
ventral skull length | 688 | 4 | 663 | 25 | 642 | 698 | 4 | |
proximodistal horn length | 134 | 2 | 110 | 42 | 80 | 140 | 39 | |
horn circumference at proximal base | 277 | 5 | 248 | 34 | 220 | 300 | 14 | |
thickness of zygomatic arch | 88 | 6 | 82 | 22 | 40 | 98 | 26 | |
upper canine crown width | 23 | 3 | 26 | 3 | 24 | 30 | 11 | |
P3 mesiodistal length | 29 | 37 | 8 | 33 | 3 | 30 | 37 | 9 |
P3 labiolinugal width | 38 | 46 | 8 | 41 | 3 | 35 | 45 | 8 |
M2 mesiodistal length | 65 | 83 | 6 | 72 | 4 | 68 | 79 | 6 |
M2 labiolingual width | 64 | 69 | 6 | 69 | 5 | 60 | 72 | 7 |
P2-P4 mesiodistal length | 84 | 6 | 100 | 6 | 91 | 104 | 6 | |
M1-M3 mesiodistal length | 182 | 5 | 195 | 19 | 180 | 225 | 10 | |
lower canine crown width | 3 | 28 | 8 | 19 | 36 | 30 | ||
p3 mesiodistal length | 2 | 30 | 3 | 28 | 32 | 10 | ||
p3 labiolingal width | 2 | 22 | 2 | 20 | 23 | 10 | ||
m2 labiolingual length | 4 | 38 | 3 | 33 | 40 | 9 | ||
m2 mesiodistal length | 57 | 4 | 63 | 4 | 58 | 68 | 6 | |
p2-p4 mesiodistal length | 3 | 90 | 2 | 89 | 92 | 2 | ||
m1-m3 mesiodistal length | 190 | 3 | 220 | 20 | 200 | 240 | 9 |
TABLE 2. Character attribute differences of species of Brontotheriita. Shaded cells indicate character differences when compared to specimens referred to Protitanops curryi from the Chambers Tuff, Chisos and Prietos Formations.
Character | Character number | Chambers Tuff (Pc) | Chisos Fm. (Pc) | Prietos Formation (Pc) | Devil's Graveyard Fm. (cf. Po) |
Protitanops curryi | Eubrontotherium clarnoensis | Notiotitanops mississippiensis | Parabrontops gobiensis | Duchesneodus uintensis | Dianotitan lunanensis | Parvicornus occidentalis | Megacerops coloradensis | Megacerops kuwagatarhinus |
frontonasal horns elongate | 3 | n | n | ? | ? | n | n | n | n | n | n | n | y | y |
nasal incision extends posterior to P3 | 6 | y | y | ? | ? | y | y | n | y | y | y | y | n | n |
anterior rim of orbit anterior to molars | 13 | n | n | n | ? | n | n | y | n | n | n | n | y | y |
large cranial dome present | 21 | n | n | ? | ? | n | n | ? | n | y | n | n | n | n |
lateral swelling on zygomatic arch | 26 | y | y | y | ? | y | n | ? | n | y | y | n | y | y |
anterior margin of posterior nares roughly between M3 protocones | 28 | n | n | n | n | y | n | y | y | n | n | n | y | n |
emargination of posterior nares lacking | 29 | n | n | n | n | n | n | n | n | y | y | n | y | y |
Paired ventral sphenoidal fossae present | 31 | n | n | n | ? | n | n | n | n | n | n | n | n | y |
thick nuchal crest | 39 | n | n | ? | ? | n | n | ? | n | n | y | n | y | n |
massive occipital pillars | 40 | n | n | ? | ? | n | n | ? | n | n | n | n | y | y |
# upper incisors | 42 | ? | 2 | ? | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | ? |
globular upper incisors | 44 | ? | y | ? | n | y | y | y | y | y | y | n | y | ? |
incisor row arched | 45 | n | n | ? | y | n | n | n | n | n | n | y | n | ? |
upper postcanine diastema | 46 | y | y | ? | y | y | y | y | y | n | n | y | n | n |
P2 preprotocrista strong | 51 | ? | y | y | y | y | y | y | n | y | y | y | y | y |
molar metaloph present | 67 | n | n | n | n | n | n | n | n | n | n | n | n | y |
M3 hypocone present | 69 | y | y | y | y | y | y/n | y | y | y | y | y/n | y | y |
mandibular symphysis posterior to P4 trigonid | 71 | y | ? | ? | n | y | y | y | ? | y | ? | n | y | ? |
# lower incisors | 72 | 3 | ? | ? | ? | ? | 3 | ? | ? | 3 | ? | 3 | 2 | ? |
mandibular postcanine diastema | 76 | y | ? | ? | ? | y | y | ? | ? | y | ? | y | n | ? |
p3 metaconid present | 82 | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | n | y | ? | y | ? | y/n | y | ? |
horn broadest in antero-posterior direction | 90 | y | y | ? | ? | y | y/n | ? | y | y/n | y/n | y | n | n |
antero-lingual upper premolar cusp present | 93 | n | n | n | n | n | n | n | n | y | n | n | y/n | y/n |
bifurcated horns | - | n | n | ? | ? | n | n | n | n | n | n | n | n | y |