APPENDIX 1.
List of material used in this study. Available for download.
APPENDIX 2.
Reference list of published literature used as source for material used in this study.
Abbas, E.M., Abdelsalam, K.M., Mohammed-Geba, K., Ahmed, H.O., and Kato, M. 2016. Genetic and morphological identification of some crabs from the Gulf of Suez, Northern Red Sea, Egypt. The Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Research, 42(3):319-329.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejar.2016.08.003
Crosnier, A. 1962. XVI Crustacés Décapodes - Portunidae. In Faune de Madagascar. Publiée sous les auspices du Gouvernement de la République Malgache.
Fransen, C.H.J.M. 2014. True crabs, pp. 249-358. FAO, Rome.
Froglia, C., and Manning, R.B. 1982. Notes on Liocarcinus pusillus (Leach) and related species. Quaderni del Laboratorio di Tecnologia della Pesca, 3(2-5):257-266.
Hogarth, P.J. 1978. Variation in the carapace pattern of juvenile Carcinus maenas. Marine Biology, 44(4):337-343.
https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00390898
Gillespie, G.E., Phillips, A.C., Paltzat, D.L. and Therriault, T.W. 2007. Status of the European Green Crab, Carcinus Maenas, in British Columbia, 2006. Canadian Technical Reports of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 2700:7.
Guerao, G., and Abelló, P. 2011. Early juvenile development of Mediterranean Liocarcinus depurator (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura: Portunidae). Journal of Natural History, 45(35-36):2171-2189.
https://doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2011.590948
Guerao, G., Abelló, P., and Dos Santos, A. 2006. Morphological variability of the megalopa of Liocarcinus depurator (Brachyura: Portunidae) in Mediterranean and Atlantic populations. Journal of Natural History, 40(32-34):1851-1866.
https://doi.org/10.1080/00222930601046584
Kim, K.B., and Hong, S.Y. 1999. Larval development of the wrinkled swimming crab Liocarcinus corrugatus (Decapoda: Brachyura: Portunidae) reared in the laboratory. Journal of Crustacean Biology, 19(4):792-808. https://doi.org/10.1163/193724099X00510
Koch, M., and Duris, Z. 2016. Notes on distribution of some portunid crabs in the Mediterranean Sea (Decapoda: Brachyura: Portunidae). Acta Musei Silesiae. Scientiae Naturales, 65(2):117.
https://doi.org/10.1515/cszma-2016-0015
Kristensen, T., Nielsen, A.I., Jørgensen, A.I., Mouritsen, K.N., Glenner, H., Christensen, J.T., Lützen, J. and Høeg, J. T. 2012. The selective advantage of host feminization: a case study of the green crab Carcinus maenas and the parasitic barnacle Sacculina carcini. Marine biology, 159(9):2015-2023.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00227-012-1988-4
Langeneck, J., and Di Franco, D. 2013. Further records of two uncommon Crustaceans in Italian seas: Maja goltziana D'Oliveira, 1888 (Decapoda Brachyura Majidae) and Xaiva biguttata (Risso, 1816)(Decapoda Brachyura Portunidae). Biodiversity Journal, 4(2):281-284.
Macpherson, E. 1989. The identity of Xaiva pulchella MacLeay, 1838 (Decapoda, Portunidae). Crustaceana, 57(1):107-110.
https://doi.org/10.1163/156854089X00428
Pastore, M.A. 1977. Presenza di Thia scutellata (Fabricius) e Xaiva biguttata (Risso) nel golfo di Taranto (mar Jonio). Thalassia Salentina, 7:83-90.
https://doi.org/10.1285/i15910725v7p83
Raso, J.E.G., and Manjón-Cabeza, E. 1996. New record of Liocarcinus mcleayi (Barnard, 1947), new combination (Decapoda, Brachyura, Portunidae) from south Europe. Crustaceana, 69(1):84-93.
https://doi.org/10.1163/156854096X00114
Schweitzer, C.E., and Feldmann, R.M. 2010. New fossil decapod crustaceans from the Remy Collection, Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris. Geodiversitas, 32(3):399-415.
https://doi.org/10.5252/g2010n3a3
Spitzner, F., Meth, R., Krüger, C., Nischik, E., Eiler, S., Sombke, A., Torres, G. and Harzsch, S. 2018. An atlas of larval organogenesis in the European shore crab Carcinus maenas L. (Decapoda, Brachyura, Portunidae). Frontiers in zoology, 15(1): 1-39.
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12983-018-0271-z
Todd, P.A., Briers, R.A., Ladle, R.J. and Middleton, F. 2006. Phenotype-environment matching in the shore crab (Carcinus maenas). Marine Biology, 148(6): 1357-1367.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00227-005-0159-2
Van Bakel, B.W., Jagt, J.W., Fraaije, R.H., and Wille, E.R. 2004. Piacenzian (Pliocene) decapod crustacean faunules from northwest Belgium. Bulletin of the Mizunami Fossil Museum, 30:97-108.
WoRMS Editorial Board 2021. World Register of Marine Species. Available from http://www.marinespecies.org at VLIZ. Accessed 2021-08-20.
https://doi.org/10.14284/170
APPENDIX 3.
R code used for this study. Available for download.
APPENDIX 4.
Graphical representation of principal components of PCAs on the shield outlines. A: Carcinus maenas data set. B: Liocarcinus data set.
