FIGURE 1. A simplified geological map of the Prague Basin, including the locality Želkovice. This locality yielded the described graptolite material. Base map provided by Š. Manda.
FIGURE 2. Stratigraphic/sedimentary chart and biozonation of the key sections, showing the distribution of graptolite bearing and barren strata in the Prague Synform. Modified after Štorch et al. (2024) and Strossová (2024).
FIGURE 3. Scheme of the hand-dug test pit (pictures A-B) and fieldwork at the Želkovice locality (pictures C-D). Hand-dug test pit which exposed a 1x1 m and 30 cm deep squared bedding plane, from which 7180 definite graptolite specimens were obtained from three successive bulk samples (Z0, Z1 and Z2), each representing a 10 cm thick layer. Z2 was further subdivided into two subsamples (an upper and lower one - see Picture B). Between subsamples A and B in sample Z2, the first occurrence of the species P. hispanicus (red dashed line) was recorded and probably also the boundary between the palmeus and hispanicus subbiozones.
FIGURE 4. Graptolite species obtained from samples Z0 to Z2. A - Pristiograptus variabilis (Perner, 1897), specimen no. ZAZ 76. B - Parapetalolithus palmeus (Barrande, 1850), specimen no. ZAZ 77. C - Parapetalolithus elongatus (Bouček and Přibyl, 1941), specimen no. ZAZ 78. D - Parapetalolithus hispanicus (Haberfelner, 1931), specimen no. ZAZ 79. E - Monograptus marri Perner, 1897, specimen no. ZAZ 80. F - Parapetalolithus ovatus (Barrande, 1850), specimen no. ZAZ 81. G - Pseudoretiolites dentatus (Bouček and Münch, 1944), specimen no. ZAZ 82. H - Stimulograptus halli (Barrande, 1850), detail of the proximal part, specimen no. ZAZ 83. I - Pristiograptus pristinus Přibyl, 1940, specimen no. ZAZ 84. All depicted specimens originate from the hand-dug test pit in the Želkovice locality of the Prague Synform, linnaei Biozone, Litohlavy Formation. Scale bars represent 1 mm.
FIGURE 5. Graptolite species obtained from samples Z0 to Z2 - continued. A - Rastrites fugax Barrande, 1850, specimen no. ZAZ 85. B - Rastrites abbreviatus Lapworth, 1876, specimen no. ZAZ 86. C – Rastrites schaueri Štorch and Loydell, 1992, specimen no. ZAZ 87. D – Rastrites cf. carnicus Seelmeister, 1936, specimen no. ZAZ 88. E - Spirograptus guerichi Loydell et al., 1993, specimen no. ZAZ 89. F - Torquigraptus planus (Barrande, 1850), specimen no. ZAZ 90. G - Torquigraptus contortus (Perner, 1897), detail of the subproximal part, specimen no. ZAZ 91. H - Rastrites linnaei Barrande, 1850, specimen no. ZAZ 92. I - Streptograptus plumosus (Baily, 1871), specimen no. ZAZ 93. J, K - Stimulograptus becki (Barrande, 1850), specimens no. ZAZ 94 and ZAZ 95. All depicted specimens originate from the hand-dug test pit in the Želkovice locality of the Prague Synform, linnaei Biozone, Litohlavy Formation. Scale bars represent 1 mm.
FIGURE 6. Juvenile stages of graptolites across the genera Spirograptus (A, B - specimens no. ZAZ 96 and ZAZ 97), Pseudoretiolites (C - specimen no. ZAZ 98), Glyptograptus (D, E, M, N, O - specimens no. ZAZ 99, ZAZ 100, ZAZ 101, ZAZ 102 and ZAZ 103), Parapetalolithus (F, G, H, I, J - specimens no. ZAZ 104, ZAZ 105, ZAZ 42, ZAZ 106 and ZAZ 107) and Metaclimacograptus (K, L - specimens no. ZAZ 108, ZAZ 109) found in sample Z1. All depicted specimens originate from the hand-dug test pit in the Želkovice locality of the Prague Synform, linnaei Biozone, Litohlavy Formation. Scale bars represent 1 mm.
FIGURE 7. Graptolite ranges within three samples and two subsamples of a hand-dug test pit from the Želkovice locality of the Prague Synform, linnaei Biozone, Litohlavy Formation. The occurrences of subzonal index species P. palmeus and P. hispanicus are highlighted in blue colour and the predicted FAD boundary of the P. hispanicus species is shaded in red.
FIGURE 8. Newly documented taxa of graptolites from the Želkovice locality of the Prague Synform, linnaei Biozone. A - Clinoclimacograptus aff. retroversus Bulman and Rickards, 1968, specimen no ZAZ 110. B - Metaclimacograptus asejradi Legrand, 1993, specimen no. ZAZ 111. C-D - Glyptograptus fastigatus (Haberfelner, 1931), specimens no. ZAZ 112 and ZAZ 113. E - Glyptograptus sp. A, specimen no. ZAZ 114. F - Glyptograptus aff. latus (Packham, 1962), specimen no ZAZ 115. G - Streptograptus pericoi Štorch, 1998, specimen no ZAZ 116. All depicted specimens originate from the hand-dug test pit in the Želkovice locality of the Prague Synform, linnaei Biozone, Litohlavy Formation. Scale bars represent 1 mm.
FIGURE 9. Newly documented taxa of graptolites from the Želkovice locality of the Prague Synform, linnaei Biozone. A, B - Clinoclimacograptus aff. retroversus Bulman and Rickards, 1968, specimens no. ZAZ 117 and ZAZ 110. C, F - Glyptograptus fastigatus (Haberfelner, 1931), specimens no. ZAZ 118 and ZAZ 113. D, E - Glyptograptus aff. latus (Packham, 1962), specimens no. ZAZ 115 and ZAZ 119. G - Glyptograptus sp., specimen no. ZAZ 114. H, I - Metaclimacograptus asejradi Legrand, 1993, specimens no. ZAZ 120 and ZAZ 108. J - Streptograptus pericoi Štorch, 1998, specimens no. ZAZ 121. All depicted specimens originate from the hand-dug test pit in the Želkovice locality of the Prague Synform, linnaei Biozone, Litohlavy Formation. Scale bars represent 1 mm.
FIGURE 10. Margalef’s (red squares) and Menhinick’s (black dots) indices for individual samples and subsamples based on specimens that could be assigned to species level.
FIGURE 11. Rarefaction curves for species richness in individual samples and subsamples.
FIGURE 12. Dominance (D; black dots) and Berger-Parker Index (red squares) for individual samples based on specimens assigned to genus level.
