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TABLE 1. Expansion and offset ratios in the upper jaws of various ornithocheiriforms. Asterisk indicates estimates based on fragmentary material. Taxa are represented by their holotypes unless otherwise stated.

Taxon Expansion
ratio
Offset
ratio
Reference
Ornithocheirus simus < 1* < 1* Pers. obs. (Fig. 4).
Cimoliopterus cuvieri 0.98 1.10 Pers. obs. (Fig. 4).
Cimoliopterus dunni 1.00 1.08 Myers (2015).
Camposipterus nasutus 1.02 1.11 Pers. obs.; see also Pêgas et al. (2019).
Hamipterus tianshanensis (MN 7538-V) 1.29 1.19 Pers. obs. (Fig. 4).
Tropeognathus mesembrinus 1.20 1.12 Pers. obs. (Fig. 4).
Aerodraco sedgwicki 1.13 1.32 Pers. obs.; see also Holgado & Pêgas (2020).
Siroccopteryx moroccensis 1.08 1.13 Holgado & Pêgas (2020).
Ferrodraco lentoni 1.12 1.11 Pentland et al. (2021).
Uktenadactylus wadleighi 1.24 1.33 Pers. obs. (Fig. 4).
Coloborhynchus clavirostris 1.37 1.27 Pers. obs.; see also Holgado & Pêgas (2020).
Anhanguera blittersdorffi (SMNK PAL 2302) 1.49 1.43 Pers. obs. (Fig. 4).
Anhanguera spielbergi 1.30 1.21 Veldmeijer (2003).
Maaradactylus kellneri 1.26 1.18 Pers. obs.; see also Bantim et al. (2014).

 

 

TABLE 2. Expansion and offset ratios in the lower jaws of various ornithocheiriforms. Taxa are represented by their holotypes unless otherwise stated.

Taxon Expansion
ratio
Offset
ratio
Reference
Targaryendraco wiedenrothi 0.95 1.11 Pers. obs.; see also Pêgas et al. (2019).
Aussiedraco molnari 0.89 1.05* Pers. obs.; see also Pêgas et al. (2019).
Aetodactylus halli 0.90 1.08 Myers (2010).
Hamipterus tianshanensis (IVPP V18936.3) 1.23 1.25 Pers. obs.; see also Pêgas et al. (2019).
Tropeognathus mesembrinus 1.13 1.32 Pers. obs.; see also Pêgas et al. (2019).
Ferrodraco lentoni 1.10 1.20 Pentland et al. (2024).
Anhanguera blittersdorffi (SMNK PAL 2302) 1.47 1.73 Pers. obs.; see also Fastnacht (2001).
Anhanguera robustus” 1.54 1.70 Pers. obs.; see also Pêgas et al. (2019).
Anhanguera spielbergi 1.30 1.21 Veldmeijer (2003).