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TABLE 1. Table of measurements of the major elements of LF 1370. *The 4th wing phalanx is incomplete and was 27 mm as preserved, the value given here is an estimate based on its taper.

Element Length
(to the nearest mm)
Cranium 109
Mandible 87
Humerus 42
Radius / Ulna 55
Wing metacarpal 24
Wing phalanx 1 44
Wing phalanx 2 48
Wing phalanx 3 46
Wing phalanx 4 44*
Femur 38
Tibia 46
Longest Metatarsal 14

 

 

TABLE 2. Sizes of non-pterodactyloid monofenestratan pterosaurs. All lengths are in mm. The wingspan is taken as twice the length of the humerus, radius or ulna, wing metacarpal and wing phalanges 1-4. These specimens are ordered by wingspan. Some elements were missing and were estimated using the following sources scaling from the total wingspan measured from all the other elements: Chanchengopterus wing phalanx 4, Propterodactylus wing phalanx 3, and Wukongopterus wing phalanx 1 estimated from Darwinopterus modularis. K. antipollicatus ulna estimated from K. sinensis. D. camposi skull length estimate from Cheng et al., 2025 and Skiphosoura from Hone et al., 2024. Douzhanopterus has several wing elements that are slightly incomplete and so would likely have been larger than D. modularis.

Taxon Wingspan Skull
length
Humerus
length
Ontogenetic status Geological Formation Source
Chanchengopterus pani 392* ? 26 Incomplete maturity Tiaojishan Formation Lü, 2009
Propterodactylus 540* 84 34 Juvenile Solnhofen region Spindler, 2024
Wukongopterus lii 588* ? 37 Incomplete maturity Daohugou (Tiaojishan) Formation Wang et al., 2009
Makrodactylus oligodontus 606 109 42 Osteologically adult Mörnsheim Formation This study
Darwinopterus linglongtaensis 654 119 40 Incomplete maturity Tiaojishan Formation Wang et al., 2010
Kunpengopterus antipollacatus 670* 140 55 Osteologically adult Tiaojishan Formation Zhou et al., 2021
Douzhanopterus zhengi 694 ? 49 Osteologically adult Tiaojishan Formation Wang et al., 2017
Darwinopterus modularis 698 132 44 Incomplete maturity Tiaojishan Formation Lü et al., 2010
Darwinopterus camposi 712 130* 45 Osteologically adult Tiaojishan Formation Cheng et al., 2025
Kunpengopterus sinensis 790 ? 43 Osteologically adult Tiaojishan Formation Cheng et al., 2017
Darwinopterus robustodens 884 175 50 Incomplete maturity Tiaojishan Formation Lü et al., 2011
“Rhamphodactylus” 998 ? 71 ? Mörnsheim Formation Rauhut, 2012
Skiphosoura bavarica 1742 330* 111 Osteologically adult Mörnsheim Formation Hone et al., 2024