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TABLE 1. Ranks of wetland species from assemblage KRAM-P 225. In the case of fossil taxa with modern equivalents from North America, the wetlands ranks are based on the flood tolerance of these equivalents (Lichvar, 2013; Stults and Axsmith, 2015; Elliott et al., 2016).

Fossil taxon Obligate wetland Facultative wetland
Acer tricuspidatum   +
Alnus ducalis   +
Betula cf. plioplatyptera   +
Betula subpubescens   +
Carpinus grandis   +
Carpinus sp.   +
Carya serrifolia   +
cf. Cercidiphyllum crenatum   +
Dicotylophyllum sp. 1 ? ?
Fagus silesiaca   +
Gleditsia europaea sp. nov. +  
Laria rueminiana   +
Leguminophyllum kvacekii sp. nov. ? ?
Myrica lignitum   +
Phragmites oeningensis   +
Pinus sp.   +
Potamogeton sp. +  
Sequoia abietina   +

 

 

TABLE 2. The nearest living relatives (NLR) of fossil taxa from leaf assemblage KRAM-P 225 and the mean annual temperature (MAT) ranges (°C) of NLR. Data on NLR and their MAT ranges based on Utescher and Mosbrugger (2017), and for Cercidiphyllum japonicum and Fagus hayatae on Fang et al. (2011).

Fossil taxon NLR of fossil taxon Lower limit of MAT of NLR Upper limit of MAT of NLR
Acer tricuspidatum Acer section Rubra (Ac. rubrum, Ac. saccharinum) 3.40 23.90
Alnus ducalis Alnus matsumurae* - 0.40 7.60
Betula cf. plioplatyptera Betula sp. - 15.00 25.80
Betula subpubescens Betula pubescens - 6.70 16.50
Carpinus grandis Carpinus betulus 5.30 17.60
Carpinus sp. Carpinus sp. 0.00 25.80
Carya serrifolia Carya sp. 4.40 26.60
cf. Cercidiphyllum crenatum Cercidiphyllum japonicum 2.00 18.20
Dicotylophyllum sp. 1 - - -
Fagus silesiaca Fagus hayatae 9.30 21.10
Gleditsia europaea sp. nov. Gleditsia sp. 5.70 21.70
Laria rueminiana Reevesia sp. 13.50 25.50
Leguminophyllum kvacekii sp. nov. Leguminosae - -
Myrica lignitum Myrica sp. - 8.90 28.10
Phragmites oeningensis Phragmites sp. - -
Pinus sp. Pinus sp. - 9.20 25.50
Potamogeton sp. Potamogeton sp. - 15.00 23.50
Sequoia abietina Sequoia sempervirens 9.10 25.00
Obtained MAT range 13.5°C - 16.5°C

* Alnus matsumurae is an outlier taxon, excluded from the calculation of MAT as it is a mountainous species, endemic to Japan.