APPENDIX 1.
Nexus file containing the character matrix used for the phylogenetic analysis. (Appendix 1-6 available for download).
APPENDIX 2.
CSV file containing first occurrences (FO) and last occurrences (LO) for all included taxa and the corresponding references. Note that only the midpoint between those dates was actually used in the analysis. (Appendix 1-6 available for download).
APPENDIX 3.
XML input file to run the Bayesian phylogenetic analysis in BEAST 2.6.7. (Appendix 1-6 available for download).
APPENDIX 4.
LOG output file of the Bayesian phylogenetic analysis, containing all sampled states for the model parameters. (Appendix 1-6 available for download).
APPENDIX 5.
TREES output file of the Bayesian phylogenetic analysis, containing the (post-burn-in) posterior tree sample, i.e., 1802 trees. (Appendix 1-6 available for download).
APPENDIX 6.
TRE output file of the Bayesian phylogenetic analysis, containing the annotated maximum clade credibility (MCC) tree. This tree corresponds to the tree shown in Figure 2. (Appendix 1-6 available for download).
APPENDIX 7.
Phylogenetic Definition of Pseudoalveolata.
Pseudoalveolata unranked K. Stevens, A. Pohle, R. Hoffmann, and A. Immenhauser, new clade name. Phylogenetic definition: the least inclusive clade containing the Belemnitellidae Pavlow, 1914, Dimitobelidae Whitehouse, 1924, and the species Hibolithes semisulcatus (zu Münster, 1830), Neohibolites ewaldi (Strombeck, 1861), N. minimus (Miller, 1826), and Mesohibolites minaret (Raspail, 1829). Etymology: derived from the belemnite morphological term pseudoalveolus, itself derived from Greek pseúdō, meaning “to lie” or “to deceive”, and alveolus, from Latin, meaning a small cavity. Reference phylogeny: Figure 2. Diagnosis: In belemnite morphological terminology, the alveolus is the approximately cone-shaped cavity of the rostrum, which contains the phragmocone. If the alveolus is secondarily enlarged by abrasion or dissolution of the anterior part of the rostrum due to an anterior primarily porous and organic-rich composition of the rostrum (e.g., Stolley, 1911a; Ernst, 1964; Stevens et al., 2022), the resulting secondary deepening is termed a pseudoalveolus. Anterior primarily porous and organic-rich rostra, which might result in a pseudoalveolus, accordingly represent the synapomorphy of the Pseudoalveolata.
