1. At least five fossil salamander taxa are identified at the GFS: Ambystoma sp., Notophthalmus sp., Plethodon sp. (with at least two morphotypes), Desmognathus sp., and Spelerpinae, gen. et sp. indet.; making the GFS the most diverse pre-Pleistocene salamander fauna in North America.
2. GFS specimens represent the earliest fossil record of salamanders in the Appalachian Mountain region.
3. Notophthalmus sp. is the second oldest record of the genus east of the Mississippi River, and the only Mio-Pliocene record of the genus.
4. The GFS plethodontids represent the earliest record of the family east of the Mississippi River.
5. GFS Desmognathus sp. represents the earliest fossil record of the genus Desmognathus.
6. The salamander assemblage supports earlier interpretations of the GFS as a wooded-pond environment with several feeder streams; the presence of neotenic Ambystoma sp. supporting the interpretation of a permanent body of water at the site.
