Solovievaia nomen novum for Ovatella Solovieva pre-occupied and revision of this fossil Foraminifera (Fusulinida, Profusulinellidae)
Article number: 21.2.20A
https://doi.org/10.26879/858
Copyright Paleontological Society, June 2018
Author biographies
Plain-language and multi-lingual abstracts
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Submission: 16 February 2018. Acceptance: 29 May 2018
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ABSTRACT
The name Ovatella Solovieva in Rauzer-Chernousova, Bensh, Vdovenko, Gibshman, Leven, Lipina, Reitlinger, Solovieva, and Chediya, 1996, is pre-occupied by the gastropod Ovatella Bivona Bernardi, 1832. It is replaced here by Solovievaia Vachard and Le Coze nomen novum. Following this nomenclatural modification, a revision of this profusulinellid genus is proposed.
Daniel Vachard. 1 rue des Tilleuls, 59152 Gruson, France; daniel.vachard@free.fr
François Le Coze. World Foraminifera Database, 80 rue Jean Parot, 42100 Saint-Etienne, France; francois.lecoze@9online.fr
Keywords: Foraminifera; Fusulinida; new genus name; early Moscovian; palaeobiogeography
Final citation: Vachard, Daniel and Le Coze, François. 2018. Solovievaia nomen novum for Ovatella Solovieva pre-occupied and revision of this fossil Foraminifera (Fusulinida, Profusulinellidae). Palaeontologia Electronica 21.2.20A 1-6. https://doi.org/10.26879/858
https://palaeo-electronica.org/content/2018/2231-solovievaia-nomen-novum
Copyright: June 2018 Paleontological Society.
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INTRODUCTION
The genus name Ovatella Solovieva in Rauzer-Chernousova, Bensh, Vdovenko, Gibshman, Leven, Lipina, Reitlinger, Solovieva, and Chediya, 1996, (Foraminifera Fusulinida) being pre-occupied is replaced herein by Solovievaia Vachard and Le Coze nomen novum. The genus is briefly characterized and analysed.
SYSTEMATIC TAXONOMY
Phylum FORAMINIFERA d’Orbigny, 1826
Class FUSULINATA Fursenko, 1958 nom. correct. Vachard, Krainer, and Lucas, 2013
Subclass FUSULINANA Fursenko, 1958 nom. translat. Vachard, Pille, and Gaillot, 2010
Order FUSULINIDA Fursenko, 1958
Suborder FUSULININA Wedekind, 1937 nom. correct. Loeblich and Tappan, 1961 emend. Vachard, 2016
Superfamily FUSULINOIDEA Möller, 1878 nom. translat. Ciry, 1952 non Miklukho-Maklay, Rauzer-Chernousova and Rozovskaya, 1958
Family PROFUSULINELLIDAE Safonova in Rauzer-Chernousova, Bensh, Vdovenko, Gibshman, Leven, Lipina, Reitlinger, Solovieva, and Chediya, 1996
Solovievaia genus nov.
Nom. nov. pro Ovatella Solovieva in Rauzer-Chernousova, Bensh, Vdovenko, Gibshman, Leven, Lipina, Reitlinger, Solovieva, and Chediya, 1996
Etymology. Named in honor of the eminent Russian micropaleontologist, a specialist on Carboniferous fusulinids, Maria Nikolaevna Solovieva (1920-1994). The genus is feminine.
Type species. Profusulinella ovata Rauzer-Chernousova, 1938 (Figure 1). According to Rauzer-Chernousova (1938), the holotype and the figured specimens are deposited in the Museum of the Geological Institute, Academy of Sciences, Moscow; holotype, No. 18; figured specimens: No. 19 and 20.
Translated original Russian diagnosis. Тype species— Profusulinella ovata Rauser, 1938 (p. 101), Middle Carboniferous, Vereiskiy horizon, Samara Bend, borehole 402, depth 508-511 m. Test ovoid, fairly constant in shape; external whorls with slightly convex sides, internal whorls rounded, truncated or rounded-sharpened. L/D ratio is usually 1.5-1.8 (up to 2.5); number of whorls up to 6-6.5; endothyroid coiling in the first whorls (1-2), uniform in the following whorls; test wall trilayered; septa are planar, in larger forms slightly wavy toward the axial ends; number of septa up to 85 in the fifth whorl; the chomata are usually distinct, rounded, often asymmetrical, less often subquadratic, or weakly developed; the aperture is narrow to moderate, rarely quite wide.
Emended diagnosis. Test involute, ovoid to truncated fusiform, moderately sized, entirely planispiral, or with a short nautiloid juvenarium due to a deviation of the coiling after the second whorl. The lateral slopes are regularly convex. Proloculus spherical and small. Juvenarium of typical aspect among the profusulinellids and schubertelloids (“endothyrid type”). Adult coiling relatively loose. Chambers numerous, wide, and subquadratic. Planar septa in the central parts and only moderately folded near the polar extremities. Chomata generally narrow, low, and asymmetrical. Tunnel narrow to broad, relatively regular. Wall unilayered, dark-microgranular. Aperture simple, terminal, and basal.
Other species. Profusulinella arta Leontovich in Rauzer-Chernousova et al., 1951; P. arta var. kamensis Safonova in Rauzer-Chernousova et al., 1951; P. carasaica Dzhenchuraeva, 1979; P. cavis Dalmatskaya, 1961; P. cavis subsp. arbejalensis van Ginkel, 1965; P. chaohuensis Wang, 1981; P. compacta Rumyantseva, 1974; P. constans Safonova in Rauzer-Chernousova et al., 1951; P. hinodensis Kobayashi, 1994; P. montichomata Sheng and Wang, 1976; P. muruntavica Rumyantseva, 1974; P. nuratavensis Solovieva, 1977; P. nuratavenis forma longa Dzhenchuraeva, 1979; P. omiensis Watanabe, 1973; P. ovata subsp. meridiana Bensh, 1969; P. ovata var. nytvica Safonova in Rauser-Chernousova et al., 1951; P. ovata subsp. penduelensis van Ginkel, 1983; P. oblonga sensu Ivanova, 1999 non Potievskaya, 1964; Ovatella panjensis Leven, 1998; Neofusulinella praecursor Deprat, 1913; Profusulinella rhombiformis var. ferganensis Bogush, 1963; P. sokolensis Ivanova, 2000; P. subovata Safonova in Rauzer-Chernousova et al., 1951; P. subovata var. bosdonica Rumyantseva, 1974; P. tchotchiai Grozdilova and Lebedeva, 1960; and Profusulinella sp. A Igo and Adachi, 1981.
DISCUSSION
Phylogeny
Rauzer-Chernousova et al. (1951) identified six groups of species in the genus Profusulinella Rauzer-Chernousova in Rauzer-Chernousova, Belyaev and Reitlinger, 1936: P. ovata group; P. parva group; P. prisca group; P. rhomboides group; P. librovitchi group; and P. mutabilis group. The P. rhomboides group, which contains the type species, P. pararhomboidalis Rauzer-Chernousova in Rauzer-Chernousova, Belyaev and Reitlinger, 1936, corresponds, therefore, to Profusulinella sensu stricto. The librovitchi group was first described as another genus under the name Taitzehoella Sheng, 1951. Then, the prisca group was included under the genus Depratina Solovieva in Rauzer-Chernousova et al. (1996) and revised by Kulagina (2009), and the ovata group was included under the genus Ovatella Solovieva in Rauzer-Chernousova et al. (1996). Here, we replace this latter, pre-occupied name by Solovievaia nom. nov.
The true Profusulinella are more rhombic than the Solovievaia and have more developed chomata; they are principally late Bashkirian in age. Depratina is more globular with small chomata and is principally earliest Moscovian (Vereian) in age. Solovievaia is more ovoid and middle to late early Moscovian in age (Tsninian-Kashirian). Taitzehoella is easily differentiated from all these genera by its type of tunnel, aligned and exhibiting a regular increasing in width between symmetrical chomata.
Many species of the parva group (including P. parva itself) and some species of the group mutabilis (such as P. arta and P. arta kamensis) were assigned to Solovievaia/Ovatella by Isakova (2001); this assignment is relatively disputable in relation to the criteria of Rauzer-Chernousova et al. (1951, 1996).
Occurrence
Early middle Pennsylvanian (middle to late Moscovian) in Western and Central Palaeotethys (northern Spain [Spanish Basque Pyrenees]: Delvolvé et al., 1987; Cantabrian Zone: van Ginkel, 1983; Villa, 1995; southern Turkey: Altiner, 1981; Kobayashi, 2011; Tunisia: Ghazzay-Souli et al., 2015; Iran: Leven and Gorgij, 2011; Darvaz: Leven, 1998); Moscow Basin (Rauzer-Chernousova et al., 1951; Isakova, 2001); the southern, central, and northern Urals (Grozdilova and Lebedeva, 1960; Grozdilova et al., 1975; Malakhova, 1980; Ivanova, 1999, 2000, 2008); Kazakhstan (Marfenkova, 1991); Southwestern Siberia (Bogush, 1963); Uzbekistan (Bensh, 1969; Rumyantseva, 1974; Solovieva, 1977); Kyrgyzstan (Dzhenchuraeva, 1979); Tarim (Zhao et al., 1984); North China (Wang et al., 1992); South China (Shen et al., 1976; Zhang and Rui, 1980; Wang, 1987); northern Thailand (Vachard et al., 1992; Ueno and Igo, 1997), Vietnam (Deprat, 1913; Nguyen Van Liêm, 1967); Laos (Deprat, 1913); and Japan (Watanabe, 1973; Igo and Adachi, 1981; Kobayashi, 1994). In our opinion, the forms of the USA, such as for example Profusulinella marblensis Thompson, 1947, more probably belong to Depratina rather than to Solovievaia/Ovatella sensu stricto (see Kulagina, 2009). Contrary to Solovieva in Rauzer-Chernousova et al. (1996), we infer that Solovievaia is not present in the USA.
CONCLUSION
Solovievaia is a nomen novum for Ovatella Sosnina, pre-occupied. This genus differs from Depratina and Profusulinella by morphological characters of the test and the coiling. Solovievaia is the more advanced form of the profusulinellid lineages. It appears in the late Vereian, but is particularly common in the Kashirian. Solovievaia probably appeared in the southern Urals due to the continuity of the lineages in this area. Then, it migrated along the entire Urals to Timan, and to the northern border, Perilaurentian, of the Paleotethys from the Basque Pyrenees (France-Spain border) and Cantabrian Zone (northern Spain) to Central Asia (Kyrgystan; Tarim). It has very rarely been mentioned on the southern, Perigondwanan border of the Paleotethys (Tunisia, southern Turkey; and currently was rarely found in Iran). It also migrated to the Eastern Paleotethyan North China, South China and Indonesia blocks, and some Panthalassan localities of Japan, via probably North China. Nevertheless, it is absent from the Americas, both in the northern seaway via connections with the northern Urals, and in the southern seaway in the southern part of USA, Mexico and northern part of South America (e.g., Colombia and Venezuela), where only Depratina and true Profusulinella are known.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
Thanks to A.B. Doweld for providing several Russian references, and to E. Kulagina and the Editorial Board of Palaeontologia Electronica for their constructive criticisms and advice.
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